Table 4.
Secondary outcomes.
| N | T1 (mean, SD) | N | T2 (mean, SD) | Z value | p | Effect size (r) | N | Control (mean, SD) | Z value (comparison with T2) | p | Effect size (η2) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| General health | 80 | 67.81 (18.73) | 81 | 66.04 (19.48) | −0.81 | 0.41 | 33 | 59.84 (22.48) | −1.53 | 0.12 | ||
| HRQoL | ||||||||||||
| Sleeping | 81 | 1.69 (0.70) | 81 | 1.91 (0.77) | −2.77 | 0.005 | −0.21 | 33 | 2.09 (0.91) | −0.96 | 0.33 | |
| Depression | 81 | 1.53 (0.76) | 81 | 1.60 (0.83) | −1.13 | 0.25 | 33 | 2.36 (1.08) | −3.58 | <0.001 | 0.11 | |
| Distress | 81 | 1.95 (0.86) | 81 | 2.20 (0.95) | −2.63 | 0.009 | −0.20 | 33 | 2.70 (1.18) | −2.18 | 0.02 | 0.04 |
| Vitality | 81 | 1.49 (0.63) | 81 | 1.65 (0.79) | −2.02 | 0.04 | −0.15 | 33 | 2.30 (0.95) | −3.49 | <0.001 | 0.10 |
| HPLPII | ||||||||||||
| Health Responsibility (HR)+ | 79 | 1.91 (0.53) | 81 | 1.94 (0.56) | −0.12 | 0.90 | 32 | 2.01 (0.46) | −1.13 | 0.25 | ||
| Physical Activity (PA) | 74 | 2.28 (0.62) | 79 | 2.38 (0.64) | −1.12 | 0.25 | 32 | 2.28 (0.62) | −0.77 | 0.44 | ||
| Nutrition (NU) | 80 | 2.57 (0.52) | 78 | 2.63 (0.56) | −0.96 | 0.33 | 32 | 2.67 (0.50) | −0.22 | 0.82 | ||
| Spiritual Growth (SG)++ | 77 | 2.90 (0.54) | 79 | 2.87 (0.60) | −0.07 | 0.93 | 33 | 2.70 (0.54) | 1.37 | 0.17 | ||
| Interpersonal Relations (IR) | 78 | 3.06 (0.48) | 79 | 3.04 (0.50) | −0.32 | 0.74 | 30 | 2.92 (0.54) | −1.37 | 0.17 | ||
| Stress Management (SM)++ | 80 | 2.33 (0.43) | 80 | 2.42 (0.51) | −1.25 | 0.21 | 33 | 2.33 (0.41) | 0.91 | 0.36 | ||
| Self-efficacy | 79 | 3.00 (0.41) | 80 | 3.09 (0.48) | −2.52 | 0.01 | −0.20 | 33 | 3.13 (0.45) | −0.71 | 0.47 | |
| PANAS | ||||||||||||
| Positive Affect (PA) | 76 | 3.89 (0.65) | 80 | 3.56 (0.70) | −4.02 | <0.001 | −0.32 | 32 | 3.21 (0.83) | −2.30 | 0.02 | 0.04 |
| Negative Affect (NA) | 76 | 1.77 (0.59) | 81 | 1.94 (0.72) | −1.64 | 0.09 | 32 | 2.33 (0.72) | −2.68 | <0.01 | 0.06 | |
| Perceived stress | 81 | 17.19 (6.49) | 77 | 17.85 (7.20) | −0.50 | 0.57 | 29 | 21.10 (5.32) | −2.28 | <0.02 | 0.04 | |
| PRMDs | ||||||||||||
| How often do you suffer from a PRMD? | 80 | 1.42 (2.09) | 81 | 1.66 (2.43) | −0.64 | 0.51 | 32 | 2.56 (2.68) | −1.76 | 0.77 | ||
| Average severity of PRMD | 80 | 1.30 (1.97) | 80 | 1.55 (2.03) | −1.12 | 0.26 | 32 | 2.43 (2.44) | −1.78 | 0.75 | ||
| Perceived exertion | 78 | 7.32 (2.37) | 80 | 6.40 (2.51) | −3.05 | 0.002 | −0.24 | 32 | 8.16 (2.71) | −3.22 | 0.001 | 0.09 |
+
Results based on the Sign Test analysis (within-group).
++
Results based on independent t-tests (between-group).