Table 1.
Descriptive analysis of physical activity according to potential correlates. The 2015 (Pelotas) Brazil Birth Cohort Study
| Overall PA (mg) | MVPA (5‐min bout: min/day) | MVPA (10‐min bout:min/day) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 95%CI | P | Mean | 95%CI | P | Mean | 95%CI | P | |
| Age (years) | |||||||||
| <20 | 27.8 | 27.1‐28.6 | .07 | 18.9 | 17.3‐20.6 | <.001 | 11.9 | 10.6‐13.2 | <.001 |
| 20‐29 | 27.9 | 27.4‐28.3 | 15.2 | 14.3‐16.2 | 8.6 | 7.9‐9.3 | |||
| 30‐39 | 27.2 | 26.6‐27.7 | 11.6 | 10.7‐12.6 | 6.0 | 5.4‐6.6 | |||
| ≥40 | 26.1 | 24.7‐27.5 | 12.5 | 9.1‐15.9 | 7.6 | 4.8‐10.4 | |||
| Skin color | |||||||||
| White | 27.2 | 26.9‐27.6 | <.001 | 13.0 | 12.3‐13.7 | <.001 | 7.1 | 6.6‐7.6 | <.001 |
| Black/Brown/Yellow/Indigenous | 28.5 | 27.9‐29.1 | 18.3 | 16.9‐19.6 | 10.9 | 9.8‐12.0 | |||
| Marital status | |||||||||
| Living with a partner | 27.5 | 27.1‐28.9 | .27 | 13.5 | 12.9‐14.2 | <.001 | 7.4 | 6.9‐7.8 | <.001 |
| Living without a partner | 28.0 | 27.2‐27.8 | 19.4 | 17.5‐21.2 | 12.3 | 10.8‐13.8 | |||
| Parity | |||||||||
| 1 (primaparae) | 26.9 | 26.5‐27.3 | <.001 | 14.8 | 13.7‐15.6 | .001 | 8.5 | 7.8‐9.2 | .001 |
| 2 | 27.9 | 27.2‐28.4 | 12.8 | 11.7‐14.0 | 6.8 | 5.9‐7.6 | |||
| 3 | 29.4 | 28.2‐30.6 | 16.8 | 13.9‐19.6 | 9.2 | 7.1‐11.4 | |||
| ≥4 | 29.2 | 27.7‐30.7 | 17.5 | 14.3‐20.7 | 10.0 | 7.8‐12.2 | |||
| Schooling (years) | |||||||||
| 0‐4 | 29.9 | 28.6‐31.1 | <.001 | 19.4 | 16.7‐22.1 | <.001 | 11.7 | 9.7‐13.8 | <.001 |
| 5‐8 | 28.4 | 27.8‐29.1 | 18.2 | 16.8‐19.7 | 10.8 | 9.6‐12.0 | |||
| 9‐11 | 27.9 | 27.4‐28.5 | 15.2 | 14.1‐16.2 | 8.5 | 7.7‐9.3 | |||
| 12+ | 26.0 | 25.6‐26.6 | 10.2 | 9.4‐10.9 | 5.3 | 4.7‐5.8 | |||
| SES (quintiles) | |||||||||
| Q1(poorest) | 29.6 | 28.6‐30.5 | 21.4 | 19.0‐23.8 | <.001 | 13.1 | 11.3‐15.0 | <.001 | |
| Q2 | 29.1 | 28.3‐29.8 | 18.9 | 17.2‐20.7 | 10.9 | 9.4‐12.2 | |||
| Q3 | 27.8 | 27.1‐28.5 | 13.8 | 12.5‐15.1 | 7.5 | 6.5‐8.4 | |||
| Q4 | 26.7 | 26.0‐27.3 | 11.8 | 10.7‐13.0 | 6.2 | 5.4‐7.1 | |||
| Q5 (wealthiest) | 25.6 | 25.0‐26.2 | 8.8 | 7.7‐9.9 | 4.6 | 3.8‐5.4 | |||
| Paid job during pregnancy | |||||||||
| Yes | 28.3 | 27.9‐28.8 | <.001 | 13.4 | 12.6‐14.2 | .001 | 7.2 | 6.6‐7.9 | <.001 |
| No | 26.8 | 26.4‐27.2 | 15.5 | 14.6‐16.4 | 9.0 | 8.3‐9.7 | |||
| Self‐reported pre‐pregnancy LTPA (minutes/week) | |||||||||
| ≥150 | 27.6 | 26.8‐28.4 | .98 | 15.6 | 13.9‐17.4 | .10 | 9.2 | 7.8‐10.6 | .06 |
| <150 | 27.6 | 27.2‐28.0 | 14.2 | 13.5‐15.0 | 7.9 | 7.3‐8.4 | |||
| Pre‐pregnancy body mass index (kg/m2) | |||||||||
| Underweight (<18.5) | 27.9 | 26.1‐29.6 | .51 | 15.7 | 11.9‐19.4 | .02 | 8.4 | 5.8‐11.0 | .01 |
| Normal (18.5‐24.9) | 27.8 | 27.3‐28.3 | 15.2 | 14.2‐16.1 | 8.7 | 7.9‐9.4 | |||
| Overweight (25‐29.9) | 27.6 | 27.0‐28.2 | 13.4 | 12.3‐14.6 | 7.3 | 6.4‐8.2 | |||
| Obese (≥30) | 27.1 | 26.5‐27.8 | 12.7 | 11.4‐14.1 | 7.0 | 6.0‐7.9 | |||
| Smoking during pregnancy (number of cigarettes/day) | |||||||||
| Non‐smoker | 27.2 | 26.8‐27.6 | .84 | 13.4 | 12.6‐14.2 | .66 | 7.3 | 6.7‐7.9 | .74 |
| <5 | 28.0 | 25.5‐30.5 | 16.5 | 9.8‐23.4 | 8.9 | 3.6‐14.1 | |||
| 5‐9 | 28.4 | 26.4‐30.4 | 13.2 | 9.5‐16.8 | 6.7 | 3.9‐9.4 | |||
| 10‐15 | 26.6 | 24.3‐28.9 | 12.4 | 8.4‐16.5 | 6.3 | 3.3‐9.2 | |||
| >15 | 27.7 | 24.5‐30.8 | 14.7 | 8.9‐20.4 | 9.0 | 4.4‐13.6 | |||
| Alcohol use during pregnancy | |||||||||
| Yes | 27.7 | 27.3‐28.2 | .37 | 14.1 | 13.3‐15.0 | .04 | 8.6 | 7.9‐9.3 | .03 |
| No | 27.5 | 27.0‐27.9 | 14.9 | 14.0‐15.8 | 7.8 | 7.2‐8.4 | |||
| History of miscarriage | |||||||||
| Yes | 27.7 | 27.0‐28.4 | .31 | 13.9 | 12.9‐15.1 | .96 | 7.6 | 6.5‐8.6 | .94 |
| No | 28.2 | 27.7‐28.7 | 14.0 | 12.5‐15.3 | 7.7 | 6.9‐8.5 | |||
| History of preterm birth | |||||||||
| Yes | 28.9 | 27.9‐29.8 | .05 | 15.6 | 13.5‐17.7 | .02 | 8.8 | 7.3‐10.4 | .01 |
| No | 27.8 | 27.3‐28.2 | 13.5 | 12.6‐14.5 | 7.3 | 6.7‐8.0 | |||
| PA advice in prenatal care | |||||||||
| No | 28.1 | 27.7‐28.5 | <.001 | 15.6 | 14.7‐16.4 | <.001 | 8.9 | 8.2‐9.5 | <.001 |
| Yes—should to do PA | 26.8 | 26.2‐27.3 | 13.0 | 12.0‐14.1 | 7.3 | 6.4‐8.1 | |||
| Yes—should to change or to decrease PA | 26.3 | 24.5‐28.1 | 10.1 | 7.5‐12.7 | 5.3 | 3.5‐7.2 | |||
| Yes—should not to do PA | 23.6 | 22.1‐25.1 | 6.7 | 4.6‐8.8 | 3.0 | 1.5‐4.6 | |||
MVPA, moderate‐to‐vigorous intensity physical activity; LTPA, leisure‐time physical activity; PA, physical activity; min/day, minutes/day; CI, confidence interval; mg, gravitational equivalent expressed in milli‐g (1000 mg = 1 g = 9.81 m/s2). anova for ordinal variables and t test for categorical variables. Nonparametric Kruskal‐Wallis test for ordinal variables and Wilcoxon test for dichotomized variables.