Leaf photobleaching phenotype of PDS silencing in PhOBF1-overexpressing lines inoculated with Agrobacterium bearing TRV-PhPDS. (A) Representative phenotypes of WT and PhOBF1-overexpressing (OE) lines (B, D and H) inoculated with Agrobacterium bearing no TRV vector (mock control), or a TRV empty vector and TRV-PhPDS construct. Photographs were taken at 4 and 7 weeks post-inoculation (wpi). (B) Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of expression levels of PhOBF1 in the leaves of WT and PhOBF1-OE lines (B, D and H). Samples were harvested from uppermost leaves of 4-week-old plants. 26S rRNA was used as normalization control. (C) Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of TRV (RNA1 and RNA2) accumulation and PDS transcript abundances in uppermost leaves of WT and PhOBF1-OE lines (B, D and H) 4 wpi. 26S rRNA was used as internal control. (D) Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of transcript abundances of RNA silencing-related genes, including RDR1, RDR2, RDR6, DCL1, DCL2, DCL3, DCL4, AGO1, and AGO2, in uppermost leaves of 4-week-old WT and PhOBF1-OE lines (B, D and H). Transcript levels were standardized to 26S rRNA. Error bars represent standard error of the mean from three biological replicates. Asterisks or different letters indicate statistical significance using Duncan’s multiple range test at P<0.05.