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. 2018 Aug;24(8):1472–1481. doi: 10.3201/eid2408.180280

Table 5. Characteristics of US-bound Myanmar refugees in camps along Myanmar–Thailand border associated with increased risk for infection with Ancylostoma ceylanicum or Necator americanus hookworm, Thailand, 2012–2015*.

Category
N. americanus

A. ceylanicum
Odds ratio
p value
Odds ratio
p value
Children compared with infants and toddlers 8.17 0.0025 NS NS
Adults compared with children 3.83 <0.0001 NS NS
Ancylostoma ceylanicum infection 2.08 0.0017 NA NA
Trichuris trichiura infection 1.90 <0.0001 NS NS
Entamoeba histolytica infection 1.79 0.0173 NS NS
Ascaris lumbricoides infection 1.71 <0.0001 NS NS
Residence at camp 1, Mae La 1.27 0.0039 0.69 0.0303
Female sex 0.68 <0.0001 0.57 <0.0001
Necator americanus infection NA NA 2.08 0.0018

*We built the following factors into the model: other infections (Strongyloides stercoralis, A. lumbricoides, E. histolytica, Cryptosporidium spp., T. trichiura, Giardia duodenalis); camp (1, 2, 3); age (infants and toddlers <2 years of age, children 2–18 years of age, adults >18 years of age); and sex. Associations with Cryptosporidium spp. and G. duodenalis were not significant. We used a generalized linear model that used overdispersion with binomial distribution and logit link, and we performed maximum-likelihood analysis using JMP 12.0.1 (https://www.jmp.com/en_us/home.html). NA, not applicable; NS, not significant.