Table 2.

Characteristics of included studies

Study	Name of survey	Language	Population	Setting
Cameron et al26	MUSE scale	English	N = 267 Adults; agem = 47.9 years (±13.4); 20% less than high school education	Outpatients attending primary care in three USA cities (Chicago, New York City, and Shreveport)
Risser et al23	SEAMS	English	N = 436 Individuals with coronary heart disease; agem = 63.80 (±10.4); 91.12% African American; 53% completed high school	Primary care clinic in one USA city (Atlanta)
De Geest et al27	LTMSES	English Dutch French	N = 1,021 Pooled from existing adherence studies in transplant, hyperlipidemia, and AIDS/HIV patients; agem = 53.70 (±14.1)	Reported in individual studies, with subjects from the USA, Belgium, and the Netherlands

Notes: Age_m = mean age. Standard deviation in parentheses (±).

Abbreviations: MUSE, Medication Understanding and Use Self-Efficacy; SEAMS, Self-Efficacy for Appropriate Medication Use Scale; LTMBSES, Long-Term Medication Behavior Self-Efficacy Scale.