(A) Tumor size.
(B) In vitro proliferation of cells incubated in media containing DNP. Data are the mean ± SEM of 6 replicate wells for each condition, each counted in duplicate. The two conditions were compared by the two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test.
(C and D) Tumor glucose uptake (C) and oxidation (VPDH/VCS) (D).
(E and F) Plasma acetate concentrations (E) and whole-body acetate turnover (F).
(G) Ratio of tumor to plasma acetate enrichment in mice infused with [1-13C] acetate.
(H) Ratio of tumor TCA cycle intermediate enrichment to plasma acetate enrichment in mice infused with [1-13C] acetate.
In (A) and (C)–(H), n = 7 HFD mice and 8 in all other groups. In all panels, data are the mean ± SEM with comparisons by ANOVA with Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons test unless otherwise stated.