Table 7.

ImPACT total symptom score cluster descriptive statistics, Mann–Whitney U-tests, effect sizes (d) and significance levels (p) N = 124

	PC at baseline		HC		PC at baseline vs HC
	n = 62		n = 62
	M	SD	M	SD	Mann–Whitney U	r a	p
Total PTSD	0.09	0.391	0.18	0.43	1553.50	0.17	0.08
Total PC-TSS	3.57	4.02	2.83	4.26	1541.00	0.13	0.16
Migraine cluster	1.24	2.51	0.63	1.72	1659.00	0.15	0.11
Cognitive cluster	1.06	1.77	1.29	2.42	1916.50	0.00	0.98
Sleep cluster	1.44	2.12	1.00	1.75	1696.00	0.12	0.20
NeuroPsy cluster	0.66	1.61	0.48	1.49	1848.00	0.05	0.60

PC at baseline baseline pre-injury in PC group, HC healthy control, M mean, SD standard deviation, r effect size, p Asymp. Sig. (2 tailed)

^aSmall effect size = 0.1; medium effect size = 0.3 and large effect size is 0.5 [21]