Table 1.
Characteristics of 467 pairs of the people with dementia (PWD) and their caregivers
| PWD | Caregivers | |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 76.97±7.57 | 57.77±13.99 |
| Sex (female, %) | 63.81 | 66.60 |
| Education (years) | 6.64±5.43 | 11.89±4.70 |
| Type of dementia (Alzheimer’s type, %) | 72.16 | - |
| Clinical dementia rating (%) | - | |
| 0.5 (very mild) | 28.27 | - |
| 1 (mild) | 49.25 | - |
| 2 (moderate) | 17.34 | - |
| 3 (severe) | 5.14 | - |
| Mini Mental Status Examination (points) | 16.16±5.28 | - |
| Disability Assessment for Dementia (points) | 0.63±0.30 | - |
| Duration of illness (years) | 4.13±3.18 | - |
| Neuropsychiatric Inventory (points) | 12.40±15.75 | - |
| Moderate to severe BPSD (%)* | 65.52 | - |
| Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (points) | 6.16±3.37 | - |
| Disadvantaged income (<1,763 USD/month, %) | - | 42.83 |
| Kinship (spouses, %) | - | 38.54 |
| Duration of care before dementia diagnosis (years) | - | 17.36±20.32 |
| Duration of care after dementia diagnosis (years) | - | 3.37±2.96 |
| Daily caring time (hours/day) | - | 4.67±4.54 |
| Dementia Attitude Scale (points) | - | 79.69±15.82 |
| Social comfort score (points) | - | 37.48±10.10 |
| Knowledge score (points) | - | 42.21±9.72 |
| Zarit Burden Interview Short Form (points) | - | 22.01±9.76 |
| Severe perceived care burden (≥12 points, %) | - | 85.44 |
| Living area (urban, %) | - | 84.15 |
| National Longterm Care Service (%) | - | 21.97 |
*
3 or over on depression subscale (severity×frequency), 5 or over on anxiety, 2 or over on apathy, 5 or over on irritability, night-time and appetite/eating, or 1 or over on delusion, hallucination, agitation, euphoria, disinhibition and aberrant motor behavior in the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. [33]
BPSD: behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia