Table 2.
Factors associated with clinically relevant fatigue among subjects with and without COPD, expressed as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI); unadjusted and adjusted analyses by logistic regression.
| Unadjusted analyses |
Adjusted analyses |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-COPD |
COPD |
Non-COPD |
COPD |
|
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |||
| Agea | 1.03 (1.01–1.06) | 1.04 (1.02–1.07) | 1.02 (0.99–1.05) | 1.02 (0.98–1.05) |
| Female sex | 1.02 (0.67–1.55) | 0.92 (0.60–1.41) | ||
| FEV1 percentage of predicteda | 0.98 (0.96–0.99) | 0.97 (0.96–0.98) | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) | 0.98 (0.96–1.00) |
| Ex-smoker | 1.07 (0.69–1.65) | 1.20 (0.74–1.95) | ||
| Current smoker | 0.58 (0.21–1.61) | 1.18 (0.63–2.19) | ||
| Any respiratory symptoms | 2.98 (1.91–4.64) | 3.40 (2.05–5.65) | 1.80 (1.04–3.13) | 2.16 (1.02–4.28) |
| Anxiety/depression | 5.84 (3.13–10.91) | 2.40 (1.33–4.30) | 3.06 (1.43–6.55) | 2.39 (1.11–5.13) |
| Heart disease | 1.81 (1.03–3.20) | 2.84 (1.65–4.89) | 0.66 (0.30–1.44) | 1.59 (0.76–3.33) |
| Healthcare contactsb | 2.03 (1.01–4.11) | 1.63 (0.95–2.81) | ||
| EQ-5D-VASa | 0.92 (0.90–0.94) | 0.91 (0.89–0.93) | 0.93 (0.91–0.95) | 0.92 (0.90–0.94) |
| CATa | 1.24 (1.78–1.30) | |||
| CAT ⩾10 | 8.71 (5.34–14.21) | |||
| CAT-energy 1c | 1.74 (0.72–4.19) | |||
| CAT-energy 2c | 6.05 (2.64–13.83) | |||
| CAT-energy 3c | 18.44 (7.03–48.35) | |||
| CAT-energy 4c | 23.60 (6.79–82.01) | |||
| CAT-energy 5c | 36.88 (3.81–357.10) | |||
a
Entered as a continuous variable. bDue to respiratory symptoms (last 12 months). cCAT-energy 0 as reference. Significant associations in bold.
CAT, COPD Assessment Test; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.