Table 5.
Noninvasive markers of AF complexity and number of CA targets.
| Number of CA targets (<4) | Number of CA targets (≥4) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| NDI [a.u] | 0.086 ± 0.030 | 0.111 ± 0.037 | 0.002 |
| AF duration [months] | 4.6 ± 3.4 | 12.6 ± 13.1 | <0.0001 |
| LA area [cm2] | 27 ± 6 | 26 ± 6 | 0.56 |
| AV1 [mV] | 0.024 ± 0.016 | 0.030 ± 0.024 | 0.27 |
| CLV1 [ms] | 167 ± 35 | 147 ± 29 | 0.007 |
| NMSE3 [%] | 21.8 ± 18.0 | 24.4 ± 18.5 | 0.54 |
| WNMSEBSPM [%] | 43.3 ± 27.6 | 52.8 ± 24.7 | 0.065 |
| ABSPM [mV] | 0.012 ± 0.006 | 0.011 ± 0.005 | 0.32 |
| NDIECG [a.u] | 0.048 ± 0.019 | 0.055 ± 0.022 | 0.18 |
| WNMSEECG [%] | 39.1 ± 24.9 | 46, 59 ± 23.4 | 0.49 |
| AECG [mV] | 0.011 ± 0.006 | 0.013 ± 0.008 | 0.26 |
| NDIOACG [a.u] | 0.054 ± 0.027 | 0.059 ± 0.022 | 0.18 |
| WNMSEOACG [%] | 46.9 ± 29.1 | 50.8 ± 24.1 | 0.62 |
| AOACG [mV] | 0.012 ± 0.006 | 0.0012 ± 0.007 | 0.71 |
| NDIECG15 [a.u] | 0.059 ± 0.021 | 0.071 ± 0.029 | 0.11 |
| WNMSEECG15 [%] | 51.7 ± 26.2 | 57.4 ± 22.9 | 0.75 |
| AECG15 [mV] | 0.010 ± 0.005 | 0.011 ± 0.006 | 0.63 |
Correlation of BSPM features with the number of atrial sites ablated to achieve procedural AF termination; p values in boldface are statistically significant; a.u., arbitrary units.