Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics of the study cohort stratified by sex
| Characteristics | Total | Female | Male | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
| Total | 3337 | 1556 (46.63) | 1781 (53.37) | NA |
| Demographic | ||||
| Age (year) | ||||
| 45~59 | 1985 (59.48) | 1016 (65.30) | 969 (54.41) | < 0.001 |
| ≥ 60 | 1352 (40.52) | 540 (34.70) | 812 (45.59) | |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married/cohabitating | 3100 (92.90) | 1419 (91.20) | 1681 (94.39) | < 0.001 |
| Divorced/separated/widowed/never married | 237 (7.10) | 137 (8.80) | 100 (5.61) | |
| Socioeconomic status | ||||
| Education level | ||||
| Illiterate | 637 (19.09) | 467 (30.01) | 170 (9.55) | < 0.001 |
| Primary school and below | 1452 (43.51) | 645 (41.45) | 807 (45.31) | |
| Junior high school or above | 1248 (37.40) | 444 (28.53) | 804 (45.14) | |
| Hukou status (household registration) | ||||
| Rural | 2699 (80.88) | 1280 (82.26) | 1419 (79.67) | 0.058 |
| Urban | 638 (19.12) | 276 (17.74) | 362 (20.33) | |
| Health behavior | ||||
| Smoking | ||||
| Yes | 1125 (33.71) | 74 (4.76) | 1051 (59.01) | < 0.001 |
| No | 1932 (57.90) | 1463 (94.02) | 469 (26.33) | |
| Quit | 280 (8.39) | 19 (1.22) | 261 (14.65) | |
| Drinking | ||||
| Drink more than once a month | 950 (28.47) | 91 (5.85) | 859 (48.23) | < 0.001 |
| Drink but less than once a month | 184 (5.51) | 32 (2.06) | 152 (8.53) | |
| Do not drink | 2203 (66.02) | 1433 (92.10) | 770 (43.23) | |
| Health status | ||||
| Activity of daily living | ||||
| Independent | 3100 (92.90) | 1432 (92.03) | 1666 (93.54) | 0.091 |
| Dependent | 239 (7.10) | 124 (7.97) | 115 (6.46) | |
| Chronic disease | ||||
| 0 | 1297 (38.87) | 604 (38.82) | 693 (38.91) | 0.925 |
| 1 | 1023 (30.66) | 473 (30.40) | 550 (30.88) | |
| ≥ 2 | 1017 (30.48) | 479 (30.78) | 538 (30.21) | |
| General obesity (BMI) | ||||
| Underweight | 134 (4.02) | 57 (3.66) | 77 (4.32) | < 0.001 |
| Normal | 1731 (51.87) | 692 (44.47) | 1039 (58.34) | |
| Overweight | 1045 (31.32) | 545 (35.03) | 500 (28.07) | |
| Obese | 427 (12.80) | 262 (16.84) | 165 (9.26) | |
| Abdominal obesity (WC) | ||||
| Yes | 2025 (60.68) | 1146 (73.65) | 879 (49.35) | < 0.001 |
| No | 1312 (39.32) | 410 (26.35) | 902 (50.65) | |