Fig. 2.

Illustration of the matching process, using meta-principle E (#44) and one of its sub-principles (#48). The usability design principles found in the literature were summarized and organized hierarchically (left). The usability flaws identified in the systematic review were collated by topic (right). Next, the correspondence between a given type of flaw and a given summarized principle was established based on the principle’s ability (if applied) to fix the usability flaw. This correspondence is represented by a double arrow. When a usability flaw could not be fixed by any of the design principles in the literature, we either extended an existing principle or created a new one (single arrow). The illustration presents an extension of principle #48 (in italics)