Table.
Data sources and definitions of ethnicity for the countries included in the analyses
| Definition (as given in original questionnaire) | |
|---|---|
| Belize, 2011 (MICS): ethnicity (head of household) | |
| Reference | Mestizo, others |
| Indigenous | Maya |
| African descent | Creole, Garifuna |
| Bolivia, 2008 (DHS): ethnicity (woman) | |
| Reference | No ethnic affiliation declared |
| Indigenous | Quechua, Aymara, Guarani, other indigenous group |
| African descent | Not available |
| Brazil, 2006 (modified DHS): ethnicity or skin colour (woman) | |
| Reference | White |
| Indigenous | Indigenous |
| African descent | Brown or black |
| Colombia, 2010 (DHS): ethnicity (woman) | |
| Reference | Other |
| Indigenous | Native Colombian |
| African descent | Raizal from archipelago, Palanquero from San Basilio, black/mulato/Afro-Colombian/Afro-descendant |
| Ecuador, 2004 (RHS): ethnicity or skin colour (woman) | |
| Reference | White, mestizo |
| Indigenous | Indigenous |
| African descent | Black |
| Costa Rica, 2011 (MICS): ethnicity (head of household) | |
| Reference | Others |
| Indigenous | Indigenous |
| Afrodescendant | Black/Afrocostarricense |
| Guatemala, 2014 (DHS): ethnicity (woman) | |
| Reference | Ladino/mestizo |
| Indigenous | Maya, Xinca |
| African descent | Not available |
| Guyana, 2014 (MICS): ethnicity (head of household) | |
| Reference | Mixed race/east Indian |
| Indigenous | Amerindian |
| African descent | African |
| Honduras, 2011 (DHS): ethnicity (woman) | |
| Reference | No ethnic affiliation declared |
| Indigenous | Tolupan, Pech (Paya), Misquito, Nahoa, Lenca, Tawaka (Sumo), Maya chorti |
| African descent | Garifuna, black English |
| Mexico, 2015 (MICS): ethnicity (head of household) | |
| Reference | Non-indigenous household |
| Indigenous | Indigenous household |
| African descent | Not available |
| Nicaragua, 2006 (RHS): ethnicity (woman) | |
| Reference | Mestizo from the Caribbean coast, no ethnicity declared |
| Indigenous | Rama, Mayangna-Sumu, Miskitu, Ulwa, Xiu-Sutiava, Nahoa-Nicarao, Chorotega-Nahua-Mange, Cacaopera-Matagalpa |
| African descent | Not available |
| Panama, 2013 (MICS): ethnicity (head of household) | |
| Reference | Others |
| Indigenous | Indigenous |
| African descent | Black or afro-descendant |
| Paraguay, 2008 (RHS): language (household) | |
| Reference | Spanish or Spanish/Guarani |
| Indigenous | Guarani-only |
| African descent | Not available |
| Peru, 2012 (DHS): language (household) | |
| Reference | Spanish |
| Indigenous | Quechua, Aymara, other indigenous |
| African descent | Not available |
| Suriname, 2010 (MICS): ethnicity (head of household) | |
| Reference | Creole/Indian/Javanese/mixed race |
| Indigenous | Indigenous/Amerindian |
| African descent | Marron |
| Uruguay, 2012 (MICS): ethnicity or skin colour (head of household) | |
| Reference | White or other |
| Indigenous | Indigenous |
| African descent | Afrodescendant or black |
MICS=Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys. DHS=Demographic and Health Surveys. RHS=Reproductive and Health Surveys.