Table 2.
Risk factors for development of delirium.
| With delirium | Without delirium | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alcoholism, n (%) | 3 (12) | 15 (17.9) | 0.760+ |
| Smoking, n (%) | 4 (16) | 18 (21.4) | 0.770+ |
| Acute kidney injury at time of admission to the ICU, n (%) | 16 (64) | 37 (44) | 0.080∗ |
| Mechanical ventilation at admission to the ICU, n (%) | 19 (76) | 54 (64.3) | 0.270+ |
| Time with mechanical ventilation (days), median (IQR) | 8 (4–11) | 2 (1–10) | 0.010+ |
| Use of sedative in the ICU, n (%) | 17 (68) | 50 (59.5) | 0.44∗ |
| Use of benzodiazepines, n (%) | 9 (36) | 31 (36.9) | 0.930° |
| Use of mixed sedation, n (%) | 3 (12) | 2 (2.4) | 0.080+ |
| Analgesic with opioids, n (%) | 22 (88) | 73 (87) | 0.999∗ |
| Numerical Rating for Pain Scale | 2.5 (0.5–4.5) | 2.5 (0–5) | 0.860° |
| Behavioral Pain Scale | 3 (3–3) | 3 (3–3) | 0.930° |
| Use of steroids in the ICU, n (%) | 8 (32) | 23 (27.4) | 0.650∗ |
| Use of vasopressor in the ICU, n (%) | 18 (72) | 57 (67.9) | 0.690∗ |
| Transfusion during stay in the ICU, n (%) | 10 (40) | 41 (48.8) | 0.490∗ |
| Use of antibiotic in the ICU, n (%) | 25 (100) | 78 (92.9) | 0.330∗ |
| Time before admission to the ICU (days), median (IQR) | 4 (1–9.5) | 2 (1–13.5) | 0.510° |
| Time in the ICU (days), median (IQR) | 7 (2-5-13) | 2 (1–6.75) | 0.007° |
ICU: intensive care unit; IQR: interquartile range; ∗chi-squared; +Fisher's exact; ° Mann–Whitney U.