Table 2.

Main components from Piper spp. essential oils.

				Area (%)
Peak	LRI calc	LRI lit	Identification	P. callosum	P. aduncum	P. hispidinervum	P. marginatum	P. hispidum	P. tuberculatum	Piper sp.
1	924	924	α-Thujene	0.1			0.1	0.1
2	931	932	α-Pinene	12.2	1.5	0.1	2.0	1.3	9.4
3	946	946	Canphene	0.4	0.1			0.1
4	971	969	Sabinene	3.0			0.1
5	975	974	β-Pinene	7.7	3.5		1.5	1.1	15.0
6	985	981	6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one					0.6
7	989	990	Myrcene	0.6		0.1	1.3	1.2
8	1004	1002	α-Phellandrene	0.1			1.5	0.5
9	1009	1008	δ-3-Carene			0.2	11.3	0.4
10	1014	1014	α-Terpinene	0.7			0.2	14.4
11	1022	1022	p-Cimene	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	12.1
12	1025	1024	Limonene	0.7	0.4	0.2			1.6
13	1026	1025	β-Phellandrene				1.0	1.4
14	1028	1026	1,8-Cineole	3.7
15	1034	1032	(Z)-β-Ocimene		0.4	0.3	6.0
16	1044	1044	(E)-β-Ocimene		0.8	0.7	8.3
17	1055	1054	γ-Terpinene	1.8			0.3	30.9
18	1085	1086	Terpinolene	0.5		1.2	0.3	7.3
19	1098	1098	Linalool	0.3	0.2		1.1			14.6
20	1134	1135	trans-Pinocarveol		0.2
21	1152	1155	Isoborneol	0.1
22	1173	1174	Terpinen-4-ol	0.7				1.0
23	1182	1179	p-8-Cymenol			1.0
24	1187	1186	α-Terpineol	0.5	0.1
25	1193	1194	Myrtenol		0.1
26	1314	1285	Safrole	53.8		91.4	4.6
27	1332	1335	δ-Elemene				0.3
28	1370	1374	α-Copaene	0.5	0.5		4.8	0.5	1.3
29	1379	1387	β-Bourbonene				0.9
30	1385	1387	β-Cubebene				0.3
31	1387	1389	β-Elemene				0.6		3.0
32	1402	1403	Methyl eugenol	7.6			5.4
33	1413	1417	(E)-Caryophyllene	0.7	6.0	0.3	6.3	5.3	30.1	14.4
34	1423	1430	β-Copaene				0.3		2.8
35	1438	1439	Aromadendrene					1.4
36	1447	1452	α-Humulene	0.1	0.9		0.7	0.4		7.1
37	1450	—	n.i.				0.3
38	1456	1457	Croweacin				0.9
39	1468	1471	4,5-Di-epi-aristolochene					0.3
40	1475	1476	β-Chamigrene					1.6
41	1480	1489	β-Selinene				1.7	8.1	2.6	5.5
42	1489	1498	α-Selinene					9.0	1.7	5.0
43	1499	1500	Epizonarene					0.1
44	1471	1478	γ-Muurolene	0.4						1.6
45	1474	1484	Germacrene D	1.0	0.6		2.9
46	1488	1493	Epi-cubebol		0.4
47	1490	1494	Bicyclogermacrene		0.5	1.0	3.9
48	1491	1494	Sarisan			0.3
49	1495	1500	Pentadecane		0.3	0.2
50	1498	1505	Germacrene A				0.2
51	1500	1500	α-Muurolene					0.2
52	1500	1506	β-Bisabolene						9.1
53	1509	1514	Cubebol		0.8
54	1510	—	n.i.				1.6
55	1518	1517	Myristicin		2.4	2.0
56	1513	1513	γ-Cadinene					0.4		3.5
57	1516	1520	7-epi-α-Selinene					0.2
58	1501	1511	δ-Amorphene		0.3
59	1518	1522	δ-Cadinene	0.4			0.8	1.1		1.2
60	1530	1545	Propiopiperone				13.2			1.2
61	1544	1548	Elemol				1.1
62	1554	1555	Elemicin	1.4			2.7
63	1559	1561	(E)-Nerolidol		0.5		1.0		6.5	13.8
64	1571	1577	Spathulenol		0.5	0.7	4.1		2.2	2.5
65	1576	1582	Caryophyllene oxide		1.5		1.8		13.3	10.1
66	1580	1601	α-Cedrol							3.1
67	1582	1590	Globulol					1.2
68	1584	1592	Viridiflorol		1.2
69	1593	1624	Selina-6-en-4-ol							7.3
70	1606	—	n.i.					0.6
71	1618	—	n.i.					0.1
72	1625	1620	Dillapiole		76.0
73	1625	1627	1-epi-Cubenol				0.9
74	1631	1642	2-Hydroxy-3,4-methylenedioxypropiophenone				1.0
75	1637	1638	epi-α-Cadinol					0.5
76	1640	1644	α-Muurolol	0.2
77	1648	1649	β-Eudesmol	0.2			0.9
78	1651	1658	Selin-11-en-4α-ol					2.0
79	1652	1652	α-cadinol				1.2		1.5	3.0
80	1655	1658	neo-Intermedeol				0.5