Table 2.

Results of the mixed-design 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 ANOVAs for the accuracy and RTs, with grade (third and fifth grade) and condition (absence or presence of borrowing procedure) as the between-participants factors, and complexity (single or double-digit subtrahend) and format (horizontal or vertical presentation) as repeated measures (Experiment 1).

	Accuracy				Reaction times
	df	F	p	LogBF	F	p	LogBF
Grade (G)	1,151	8.44**	0.004	13.12	28.83**	< 0.0001	40.43
Condition (Cond)	1,151	23.75**	< 0.0001	34.84	74.93**	< 0.0001	93.18
Complexity (C)	1,151	55.32**	< 0.0001	73.45	125.88**	< 0.0001	140.15
Format (F)	1,151	6.03*	0.015	9.16	1.14	0.288	1.74
G*Cond	1,151	2.58	0.110	4.18	0.06	0.802	0.10
G*C	1,151	4.84*	0.029	7.45	1.10	0.296	1.68
G*F	1,151	0.76	0.383	1.17	0.03	0.869	0.04
Cond*C	1,151	9.16**	0.003	13.90	4.60*	0.034	6.95
Cond*F	1,151	5.52*	0.020	8.52	0.09	0.765	0.14
C*F	1,151	12.75**	< 0.0001	18.95	11.62**	0.001	17.15
G*Cond*C	1,151	3.26	0.073	5.06	5.11	0.025	7.70
G*Cond*F	1,151	0.092	0.762	0.14	1.04	0.310	1.59
G*C*F	1,151	0.41	0.522	0.61	0.11	0.746	0.16
Cond*C*F	1,151	7.27*	0.008	11.20	4.13*	0.044	6.25
G*Cond*C*F	1,151	0.37	0.544	0.55	0.34	0.562	0.52

LogBF, approximated bayes factor; G, Grade; Cond, Condition; C, Complexity; F, presentation Format.

^*p < 0.05;

^**p < 0.01.