Table 3.
Associations between sociodemographic characteristics and risks of cancer in the Jiangsu Four Cancers Study, 2003–2010
| Sociodemographic characteristics |
Controls |
Esophageal cancer |
Stomach cancer |
Lung cancer |
Liver cancer |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | aOR (95% CI)a | N (%) | aOR (95% CI)a | N (%) | aOR (95% CI)a | N (%) | aOR (95% CI)a | |
| Sex | |||||||||
| Male | 5,767 (71.9) | 2,103 (70.8) | 1,632 (73.6) | 1,984 (69.1) | 1,538 (76.2) | ||||
| Female | 2,252 (28.1) | 866 (29.2) | 584 (26.4) | 887 (30.9) | 480 (23.8) | ||||
| Age (years) | |||||||||
| <50 | 884 (11.0) | 138 (4.6) | 237 (10.7) | 304 (10.6) | 474 (23.5) | ||||
| 50–59 | 1,794 (22.4) | 668 (22.5) | 473 (21.3) | 635 (22.1) | 606 (30.0) | ||||
| 60–69 | 2,565 (32.0) | 1,095 (36.9) | 745 (33.6) | 931 (32.4) | 515 (25.5) | ||||
| ≥70 | 2,776 (34.6) | 1,068 (35.97) | 761 (34.3) | 1,001 (34.9) | 423 (21.0) | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 63.9 (11.4) | 65.6 (9.5) | 63.8 (11.2) | 63.9 (11.3) | 58.7 (12.2) | ||||
| Education | |||||||||
| Illiterate | 3,831 (47.8) | 1,718 (57.9) | 1.00 (reference) | 1,096 (49.5) | 1.00 (reference) | 1,384 (48.2) | 1.00 (reference) | 766 (38.0) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Primary school | 2,515 (31.4) | 898 (30.2) | 0.87 (0.77–0.98) | 773 (34.9) | 1.06 (0.94–1.20) | 976 (34.0) | 1.15 (1.03–1.30) | 664 (33.1) | 0.89 (0.77–1.02) |
| Middle school | 1,320 (16.5) | 289 (9.7) | 0.65 (0.55–0.77) | 279 (12.6) | 0.72 (0.60–0.86) | 402 (14.0) | 0.90 (0.76–1.06) | 464 (23.0) | 0.89 (0.75–1.05) |
| High school or above | 335 (4.2) | 57 (1.9) | 0.54 (0.39–0.76) | 62 (2.8) | 0.60 (0.44–0.83) | 95 (3.3) | 0.96 (0.73–1.27) | 113 (5.6) | 0.71 (0.54–0.93) |
| Missing | 18 (0.2) | 7 (0.2) | 6 (0.3) | 14 (0.5) | 11 (0.5) | ||||
| P for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.562 | 0.020 | |||||
| Income 10 years ago (Yuan/year) |
|||||||||
| <1,000 | 1,710 (21.3) | 883 (29.7) | 1.00 (reference) | 525 (23.7) | 1.00 (reference) | 606 (21.1) | 1.00 (reference) | 404 (20.0) | 1.00 (reference) |
| 1,000–1,499 | 1,530 (19.1) | 625 (21.1) | 0.84 (0.73–0.97) | 437 (19.7) | 0.92 (0.79–1.08) | 560 (19.5) | 1.05 (0.90–1.22) | 405 (20.1) | 1.00 (0.85–1.19) |
| 1,500–2,499 | 2,074 (25.9) | 746 (25.1) | 0.74 (0.65–0.84) | 563 (25.4) | 0.85 (0.73–0.98) | 698 (24.3) | 1.02 (0.89–1.17) | 487 (24.1) | 0.84 (0.71–0.99) |
| ≥2,500 | 2,572 (32.1) | 635 (21.4) | 0.53 (0.46–0.60) | 630 (28.4) | 0.77 (0.67–0.89) | 918 (32.0) | 1.12 (0.98–1.28) | 683 (33.8) | 0.93 (0.79–1.08) |
| Missing | 133 (1.7) | 80 (2.7) | 61 (2.8) | 89 (3.1) | 39 (1.9) | ||||
| P for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.136 | 0.161 | |||||
aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; SD, standard deviation
a
Odds ratios were adjusted for county of residence, pack-years of tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking amount in the 1990s, family history of cancer, and mutually adjusted for all the other variables in this table. Odds ratios for sex and age are not reported because the cases and controls were originally matched on sex and age.