Table 1.
Preoperative Characteristics and Intraoperative Factors By Pacemaker Placement Status After Aortic Valve Replacement
| Preoperative Characteristics | Pacemaker (n=72) |
No Pacemaker (n=2528) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (Male) | 39 (54.2%) | 1580 (62.6%) | 0.148 |
| Age (Years) | 74.5 [13.5] | 73 [15] | 0.177 |
| Race (Black) | 8 (10.2%) | 313 (12.4%) | 0.323 |
| Tobacco Use | 27 (37.5%) | 963 (38.1%) | 0.918 |
| Heart Failure within 2 weeks | 40 (55.6%) | 1226 (48.5%) | 0.237 |
| Atrial Fibrillation | 14 (19.4%) | 360 (14.2%) | 0.215 |
| Hypertension | 55 (76.4%) | 1892 (74.8%) | 0.765 |
| Peripheral Arterial Disease | 12 (16.7%) | 373 (14.8%) | 0.652 |
| Cerebral Vascular Disease | 12 (16.7%) | 171 (6.8%) | 0.001 |
| Prior Myocardial Infarction | 18 (25.0%) | 522 (20.7%) | 0.370 |
| Dialysis Dependent | 0 (0.0%) | 56 (2.2%) | 0.202 |
| Diabetes | 26 (36.1%) | 753 (29.8%) | 0.248 |
| Severe Chronic Lung Disease | 2 (2.8%) | 82 (3.2%) | 0.940 |
| Immunosuppression | 8 (11.1%) | 101 (4.0%) | 0.003 |
| Prior Cardiac Surgery | 17 (23.6%) | 333 (13.2%) | 0.011 |
| Intraaortic Balloon Pump | 3 (4.2%) | 69 (2.7%) | 0.464 |
| Aortic Stenosis | 61 (84.7%) | 2282 (90.3%) | 0.117 |
| Severe Aortic Insufficiency | 4 (5.6%) | 230 (9.1%) | 0.303 |
| Predicted Risk of Mortality (%) | 4.4 [5.9] | 3.3 [4.1] | 0.009 |
|
| |||
| Operative Characteristics | |||
|
| |||
| Concomitant Atrial Fibrillation Surgery | 9 (12.5%) | 104 (9.0%) | 0.006 |
| Concomitant Coronary Artery Bypass | 31 (43.0%) | 970 (38.4%) | 0.421 |
| Cardiopulmonary Bypass Time (min) | 116 [54] | 107 [47.5] | 0.026 |
| Cross Clamp Time (min) | 84.5 [49] | 75 [39] | 0.176 |