Table 4.
Associations of urine biomarkers with all – cause mortality in Health ABC
| Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | Model 1* HR (95% CI) | Model 2** HR (95% CI) | Model 3† HR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urine A1M | |||||
| Continuous (per doubling) | 1.46 (1.29, 1.65) | 1.47 (1.28, 1.68) | 1.36 (1.17, 1.58) | 1.29 (1.10, 1.51) | |
| Categorical | |||||
| Q1 | (<0.50 mg/dL) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Q2 | (0.50–0.90 mg/dL) | 1.18 (0.81, 1.72) | 1.13 (0.77, 1.66) | 1.15 (0.77, 1.70) | 1.07 (0.72, 1.59) |
| Q3 | (0.91–1.60 mg/dL) | 1.44 (1.00, 2.07) | 1.42 (0.97, 2.07) | 1.32 (0.90, 1.94) | 1.19 (0.80, 1.76) |
| Q4 | (>1.60 mg/dL) | 2.12 (1.50, 3.01) | 2.06 (1.39, 3.06) | 1.72 (1.13, 2.62) | 1.45 (0.94, 2.25) |
| Urine PIIINP | |||||
| Continuous (per doubling) | 1.13 (1.03, 1.24) | 1.12 (1.00, 1.25) | 1.10 (0.98, 1.23) | 1.05 (0.94, 1.18) | |
| Categorical | |||||
| Q1 | (<1.39 ug/L) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Q2 | (1.39–2.49 ug/L) | 0.84 (0.57, 1.25) | 0.81 (0.54, 1.23) | 0.78 (0.52, 1.19) | 0.77 (0.50, 1.16) |
| Q3 | (2.50–4.04 ug/L) | 1.32 (0.92, 1.91) | 1.24 (0.80, 1.91) | 1.19 (0.76, 1.85) | 1.10 (0.70, 1.73) |
| Q4 | (>4.04 ug/L) | 1.69 (1.18, 2.41) | 1.65 (1.06, 2.57) | 1.69 (1.07, 2.67) | 1.43 (0.88, 2.32) |
| Urine NGAL | |||||
| Continuous (p er doubling) | 1.06 (1.02, 1.11) | 1.07 (1.02, 1.11) | 1.08 (1.03, 1.13) | 1.07 (1.02, 1.12) | |
| Categorical | |||||
| Q1 | (<9.51 ng/mL) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Q2 | (9.51–20.84 ng/mL) | 1.14 (0.79, 1.64) | 1.19 (0.80, 1.76) | 1.13 (0.76, 1.69) | 1.07 (0.71, 1.60) |
| Q3 | (20.85–51.75 ng/mL) | 0.96 (0.66, 1.39) | 1.10 (0.72, 1.67) | 1.03 (0.67, 1.59) | 0.94 (0.61, 1.45) |
| Q4 | (>51.75 ng/mL) | 1.28 (0.90, 1.83) | 1.49 (0.99, 2.25) | 1.39 (0.92, 2.10) | 1.24 (0.82, 1.89) |
Abbreviations: A1M, α1-microglobulin; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; PIIINP, amino-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen.
*
Adjusted for age, sex, race, study site, education level, and urine creatinine.
**
Adjusted additionally for eGFR, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, heart failure, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication use, statin use, smoking status, body mass index, C-reactive protein, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and hemoglobin A1c.
†
Adjusted additionally for urine albumin.