Table 1.
Summary of clinical studies included in the present review that investigated the health effects of sleep extension.
| Study Ref | Intervention | Participants | Duration (Weeks) | Methods | Sleep as an outcome | Intervention group results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Logue et al. (23) | Weekly group counseling sessions | 25 overweight and obese adults | 12 | Group 1: diet and exercise counseling Group 2: diet and exercise counseling plus sleep education starting week 4 | No Primary outcome: weight loss | Group 2 lost more weight compared to Group 1 (change of −5 vs. −2%) No difference in sleep quality |
| Tasali et al. (24) | 1 individual counseling session at baseline to extend sleep and prescribe a sleep schedule | 10 overweight adults | 2 | All subjects: increase TIB to 8.5 h/night, monitored with actigraphy No comparison group | Yes Extending sleep will improve appetite and decrease cravings | 14% decrease in overall appetite and a 62% decrease in the desire for sweet and salty foods |
| Al Khatib et al. (25) | 1 individual counseling session at baseline to extend sleep and prescribe a sleep schedule | 41 healthy, normal weight adults | 4 | Sleep extension group: extend sleep by 1–1.5 h/night, monitored with actigraphy Control group | Yes Extending sleep will improve weight maintenance and cardiometabolic health | Reduced intake of free sugars (−9.6 g) compared baseline |
| Haack et al. (26) | Both groups received sleep hygiene information at baseline Extension group was prescribed individualized sleep schedules | 22 adults with prehypertension or type 1 hypertension | 6 | Sleep extension group: extend sleep by 1 h/night, monitored with actigraphy Control group | Yes Extending sleep lowers BP | Decreased average systolic and diastolic beat-to-beat BP from baseline to endpoint (14 ± 3 vs. 8 ± 3 mmHg) |
| McGrath et al. (27) | Weekly individual sleep counseling | 134 adults with elevated BP | 8 | Sleep intervention group: 60 min counseling session using Sleepio Standard care group | No Primary outcome: reduce mean 24 h BP | Reported improved sleep quality, no changes in BP |
| Leproult et al. (28) | 1 individual counseling session at baseline to extend sleep and prescribe a sleep schedule | 16 healthy adults | 6 | All subjects: extend sleep by 1 h/night, verified by actigraphy No comparison group | Yes Extending sleep will improve metabolic health | Improved insulin-to-glucose ratios |