Fig. 2. Effects of ethanolic yacon leaf extract (YLE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines in BV2 cells. BV2 cells (2 × 105 cells) were seeded in 100 mm dishes for 24. Thhe cells were then incubated in the absence or presence of LPS (500 ng/mL) anYd LE (50 μg/mL) for 24 h. mRNA levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygensae (COX)-2, interleukin (IL)-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were assessed by the real-time polymerase chain reaction. (A–D) Relative mRNA expression compared with the LPS-treated group (100%). Data are expressed as means ± SE (n = 3). *Significant difference compared with LPS-only treatment (p < 0.05).
