Table 2.

Survey of large-scale breeding programs for cultured molluscs.

Common name	Species	Group	Location	Type of selection	Program type	Founded	References
Black-footed paua	Haliotis iris	Abalone	New Zealand	Family; mass	Industrial	2007	Symonds and Heath, 2008; Camara and Symonds, 2014
Small abalone	Haliotis diversicolor	Abalone	China	Family	Unknown	2007	Liu et al., 2015
Mediterranean mussel	Mytilus galloprovincialis	Mussel	Australia	Family	Industrial	2008	Nguyen et al., 2012
Greenlip mussel	Perna canaliculus	Mussel	New Zealand	Family	Industrial	1999	Camara and Symonds, 2014
Pacific oyster	Crassostrea gigas	Oyster	USA	Family	Industrial	1996	Langdon et al., 2003; de Melo et al., 2016
Pacific oyster	Crassostrea gigas	Oyster	Australia	Family; mass	Industrial	1997	Ward et al., 2005; Kube et al., 2011
Pacific oyster	Crassostrea gigas	Oyster	New Zealand	Family	Industrial	1999	Camara and Symonds, 2014
Pacific oyster	Crassostrea gigas	Oyster	France	Mass	Experimental	2009	Dégremont et al., 2015
Pacific oyster	Crassostrea gigas	Oyster	China	Mass	Experimental	2007	Li et al., 2011; Wang et al., 2012; Zhong et al., 2016
Sydney rock oyster	Saccostrea glomerata	Oyster	Australia	Family; mass	Industrial	1990	Nell et al., 1996, 1999; Dove et al., 2013
Bay scallop	Argopecten irradians	Scallop	China	Mass	Unknown	2001	Zheng et al., 2004, 2006

Breeding programs were identified from a review of the literature, and include both experimental and commercial breeding programs. Program type refers to whether the breeding program is integrated with industry (industrial), for experimental purposes (experimental), or unknown.