Table 2.
the pathogens involved in the infections
| NO. | Ethanol lock(n) | Control(n) |
|---|---|---|
| Bradley R.S. 2017 [12] | Candida species(2); Staphylococcus species(1); Escherichia coli plus Klebsiella species plus Pseudomonas(1). | Unidentified gram positive cocci |
| Lavern M.V. 2016 [7] | NA | Klebsiella Pneumonia |
| Bertrand 2015 [6] | Staphylococcus epidermidis(20) Staphylococcus aureus(2) Enterococcus species (0) Other coagulase negative Staphylococci(31) Other Gram-positive (5) Escherichia coli (2) Proteus species (0) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10) Enterobacterspecies (2) Other Gram-negative (2) Fungi (5) Polymicrobial(20) |
Staphylococcus epidermidis(9) Staphylococcus aureus(0) Enterococcus species (1) Other coagulase negative Staphylococci(27) Other Gram-positive (6) Escherichia coli (1) Proteus species (2) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9) Enterobacterspecies (0) Other Gram-negative (3) Fungi (3) Polymicrobial(17) |
| Reineke A 2015 [8] | Staphylococcus epidermidis(2) Other coagulase-negative Staphylococc(4) Staphylococcus aureus(0) Streptococcus parasanguis(1) Other alpha-haemolytic streptococci (1) Enterococcus faecalis(0) Bacillus sp.(0) Streptomyces sp.(0) Escherichia coli(1) Citrobacter freundii(1) Brevundimonas vesicularis(1) Gram-negative rod (1) Polymicrobial(3) Candida sp.(1) |
Staphylococcus epidermidis(1) Other coagulase-negative Staphylococc(8) Staphylococcus aureus(2) Streptococcus parasanguis(0) Other alpha-haemolytic streptococci (0) Enterococcus faecalis(1) Bacillus sp.(2) Streptomyces sp.(1) Escherichia coli(3) Citrobacter freundii(0) Brevundimonas vesicularis(0) Gram-negative rod (0) Polymicrobial(0) Candida sp.(2) |
| L.J. Worth 2014 [16] | Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. (3), Staphylococcus aureus (1), Listeria monocytogenes (1), Klebsiella pneumoniae (2), Escherichia coli (1), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1), E. coli (2)and C. glabrata (1). |
Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. (7), Staphylococcus aureus (1), Enterococcus faecium (1), Klebsiella pneumoniae (2), Escherichia coli (1), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1), Enterobacter cloacae(1), E. coli and E. faecium (1), and Candida parapsilosis (1). |
| Sishir 2014 [15] | NA | NA |
| Mara 2014 [14] | Gram positive cocci(0) Enterobacteriaceae(2) Gram negative non-fermenting rods(0) Fungi(0) |
Gram positive cocci(1) Enterobacteriaceae(2) Gram negative non-fermenting rods(1) Fungi(0) |
| Jennifer K 2012 [13] | Staphylococcus aureus(1) | Staphylococcus aureus(1) Enterobacter cloacae(1) Staphylococcus hominis (1) |
| Lennert Solbbe 2010 [11] | n = episodes Coagulase-negative staphylococci.(49) Other skin colonizers(2) Staphylococcus aureus(2) Other gram-positive cocci(12) Gram-negatives(4) Polymicrobial(20) Yeasts(2) |
n = episodes Coagulase-negative staphylococci.(57) Other skin colonizers(2) Staphylococcus aureus(3) Other gram-positive cocci(10) Gram-negatives(5) Polymicrobial(13) Yeasts(1) |
| Sanders 2008 [10] | n = episodes A-haemolytic Streptococcus(1) Streptococcus group B (agalactiae)(0), S. epidermidis(0), Staphylococcus aureus(0), Stomatococcus rothia mucilaginosa(1), Escherichia coli(1), Pseudomonas aeruginosa(0), Klebsiella pneumoniae(0), non-speciated Gram-negative bacilli(0). |
n = episodes A-haemolytic Streptococcus(1) Streptococcus group B (agalactiae)(1), S. epidermidis(3), Staphylococcus aureus(1), Stomatococcus rothia mucilaginosa(0), Escherichia coli(4), Pseudomonas aeruginosa(1), Klebsiella pneumoniae(1), non-speciated Gram-negative bacilli(1). |