Figure 2.

Apremilast administration reduced arthritis pathology in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model. Ankle joint sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin 56 days after the primary immunization and evaluated for the histopathologic features of synovitis, pannus, and erosion (representative results were shown; 40×) in Apremilast (5 or 25 mg/kg), CMC vehicle alone, CIA model, and normal groups. Results were expressed quantitatively as the histopathology score (right lower panel). The data indicate the mean ± SEM of two separated experiments, each group with five mice. Data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA for comparison among multiple groups, followed by Turkey’s test (**p < 0.01).