Table 5.
Factors associated with melanoma-specific death
| Patient characteristic | Melanoma-specific death (Na = 952)b | Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HRc (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||
| Female versus male (male n = 952) | 381 | 0.54 (0.47 to 0.62) | 0.68 (0.57 to 0.81) |
|
| |||
| Age (N = 952) | |||
| Mean, + 1 year (SD) | 66.4 (15.4) | 1.03 (1.02 to 1.03) | 1.02 (1.02 to 1.03) |
|
| |||
| Urban–rural (six-fold) (N = 937) | |||
| 1 = Large urban area | 344 | 1 | 1 |
| 2 = Other urban area | 295 | 1.08 (0.91 to 1.30) | 0.95 (0.76 to 1.18) |
| 3 = Accessible small town | 69 | 0.80 (0.64 to 1.01) | 0.53 (0.33 to 0.87) |
| 4 = Remote small town | 50 | 1.34 (1.03 to 1.75) | 1.03 (0.77 to 1.37) |
| 5 = Accessible rural | 107 | 0.93 (0.77 to 1.11) | 0.90 (0.70 to 1.17) |
| 6 = Remote rural | 72 | 1.11 (0.92 to 1.33) | 1.09 (0.87 to 1.37) |
|
| |||
| Deprivation (SIMD) (N = 938) | |||
| 1 = most deprived | 148 | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 195 | 1.03 (0.83 to 1.27) | 1.03 (0.84 to 1.27) |
| 3 | 209 | 0.94 (0.74 to 1.20) | 0.74 (0.58 to 0.96) |
| 4 | 193 | 0.78 (0.61 to 0.99) | 0.79 (0.61 to 1.02) |
| 5 = least deprived | 193 | 0.63 (0.53 to 0.75) | 0.61 (0.45 to 0.81) |
|
| |||
| Setting of excision (N = 938) | |||
| Secondary care | 875 | 1 | 1 |
| Primary care | 63 | 0.76 (0.58 to 0.99) | 0.91 (0.65 to 1.29) |
|
| |||
| Anatomical site (N = 865) | |||
| Head and neck | 198 | 1 | 1 |
| Body | 286 | 1.16 (1.04 to 1.29) | 1.38 (1.10 to 1.74) |
| Upper limb | 145 | 0.76 (0.62 to 0.92) | 0.93 (0.71 to 1.21) |
| Groin and lower limb | 236 | 0.93 (0.81 to 1.05) | 1.24 (0.87 to 1.77) |
|
| |||
| Melanoma subtype (N = 805) | |||
| Superficial spreading | 226 | 1 | 1 |
| Nodular | 218 | 6.53 (5.47 to 7.81) | 2.71 (2.11 to 3.48) |
| Lentigo | 49 | 0.95 (0.65 to 1.40) | 0.82 (0.56 to 1.22) |
| Acral | 42 | 4.44 (3.25 to 6.05) | 2.32 (1.59 to 3.40) |
| Others | 270 | 4.25 (3.52 to 5.14) | 1.83 (1.54 to 2.19) |
|
| |||
| Breslow thickness (N = 952) | |||
| Median (IQR) | 3.9 (2.0–6.5) | 1.15 (1.12 to 1.18) | 1.13 (1.10 to 1.16) |
|
| |||
| Metastasis at presentation (N = 952) | |||
| Yes | 226 | 10.75 (8.89 to 12.99) | 4.35 (3.24 to 5.84) |
|
| |||
| Charlson comorbidity index (N = 938) | |||
| 0 | 809 | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 51 | 1.76 (1.38 to 2.24) | 1.28 (0.96 to 1.70) |
| 2 | 54 | 1.82 (1.49 to 2.24) | 1.04 (0.70 to 1.54) |
| ≥3 | 24 | 5.56 (3.41 to 9.06) | 2.96 (1.65 to 5.28) |
a
Unless otherwise stated.
b
Some data are missing. The number available for analysis is presented invidually in each row.
c
Adjusted for sex, age, deprivation, setting of excision, anatomical site, melanoma subtype, Breslow thickness, metastasis at presentation, and Charlson index except where the variable itself is being examined. HR = hazards ratio. IQR = interquartile range. SD = standard deviation. SIMD = Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation.