Table 1.
Details of antibacterial activities of Ganoderma sp. parts, products and compounds.
| Ganodermasp. | Extraction Solvent | Parts/products/compounds | Tested bacteria strains | Method | MIC/MBC | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G. atrum | EtOH soluble acidic components | Fruiting bodies | S. aureus sub species Aureus, E. coli, B.subtilis, P. vulgaris | Micro dilution | 1.56-25mg/ml/3.125-25mg/ml | (Li et al. 2012) |
| G. lucidium | 96%EtOH | Fruiting bodies | H. pylori ATCC 43504, S. aureus ATCC 26003 | Micro plate Agar, Disc fusion Assay |
<1.0mg/ml &<10mg/ml resp./ND | (Shang et al. 2013) |
| G. colossum | Hexane: CH2Cl2(2:7) | Colossolactone E(6), 23 hydroxycolossolactone E(53) | B. subtilisIMI 347329, P.syringae var IMI 34748(ACTCC 19310) | TLC Agar Overlay | ND | (Lauretta Nwanneka Ofodile et al. 2011) |
| G. pfeifferiBres. | CH2 Cl2 | Ganomycins A- B(27–28) | S. aureus(ATCC 6538), B. subtilis(SBUG 14), E. coli(SBUG 13), P. mirabilis (SBUG 47), S. marcescens(SBUG 9), M. flavus(SBUG 16) | Micro dilution | 2.5-25µg/mL/ND | (Mothana et al. 2000) |
| G. applanatum | 96%EtOH | Mycelia extract | B. cereus (clinical isolate), M. flavusATCC10240, S. aureusATCC6538, L. monocytogenesNCTC7973, E. coliATCC35218, E. cloacae (human isolate), P. aeruginosaATCC27853 and S. typhimuriumATCC13311 | Colorimetric Microbial Viability Assay | 1.16–1.90mg/ml/2.54–4.00mg/ml | (Cilerdzic et al. 2016) |
| G. carnosum | 96%EtOH | Mycelia extract | B. cereus (clinical isolate), M. flavusATCC10240, S. aureusATCC6538, L. monocytogenesNCTC7973, E. coli ATCC35218, E. cloacae (human isolate), P. aeruginosaATCC27853 and S. typhimuriumATCC13311 | Colorimetric Microbial Viability Assay | 1.16–4.00mg/ml/1.16–4.00mg/ml | (Cilerdzic et al. 2016) |
| G. lucidium | 96%EtOH | Mycelia extract | B. cereus (clinical isolate), M. flavusATCC10240, S. aureusATCC6538, L. monocytogenesNCTC7973, E. coli ATCC35218, E. cloacae (human isolate), P. aeruginosaATCC27853 and S. typhimuriumATCC13311 | Colorimetric Microbial Viability Assay | 1.00–1.67mg/ml/1.16-400mg/ml | (Cilerdzic et al. 2016) |
| G. colossusm | CH2Cl2, MeOH, H2O | Fruiting bodies | S. aureus(ATCC 29213), B. subtilis(ATCC 6059), E. coli (ATCC 25922),P. aeruginosa(ATCC 27853), M. flavus(SBUG 16) | Agar Diffusion | ND | (Al-Fatimi et al. 2005) |
| G. resinaceum | CH2Cl2, MeOH, H2O | Fruiting bodies | S. aureus (ATCC 29213), B. subtilis(ATCC 6059), E. coli (ATCC 25922),P. aeruginosa(ATCC 27853), M. flavus(SBUG 16) | Agar Diffusion | ND | (Al-Fatimi et al. 2005) |
| G. applanatum | MeOH | Fruiting bodies | E.coli(ATCC 25922) | Micro dilution | ND | (Zengin et al. 2015) |
| G.lucidum | EtOH and H2O | Fruiting bodies | S. aureus(MTCC 96), B. cereus (MTCC 430), P. aeruginosa(MTCC 424) | Micro dilution | 80-200mg/ml/ND | (Karwa & Rai 2012) |
| G. lucidum | Hexane and chloroform | Fruiting bodies | S. aureus(ATCC 6538), B. subtilis(ATCC 6633) | Agar Diffusion | 6.25mg/ml/ND | (Vazirian et al. 2014) |
| G. lucidum | Hexane and chloroform | Ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3β-yl acetate(11),ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-yl acetate(70),ergosta-7,22-dien-3-one(15), ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-ol(13), ergosta-5,7,22 trien,-3β-ol(12), ganodermadiol(20) |
S. aureus(ATCC 6538), B. subtilis(ATCC 6633) | 2.5-5mg/ml/ND | (Vazirian et al. 2014) | |
| G.lucidum | Hot H2O | Carpophores | B. anthracisATCC 6603, B. cereus ATCC 27348, B. subtilisATCC 6633, M. luteus ATCC 9341, S. aureus ATCC 25923,E.coilATCC 259 22, K. oxytocaATCC 8724, K. pneumoniaeATCC 10031, P. vulgaris ATCC 27853, S. typhiATCC 6229 | Micro dilution | 1.25–5.0mg/ml/ND | (Yoon et al. 1994) |
| G. lucidium | 96% EtOH | Basidiocarps | B. cereus (clinical isolate), M. flavusATCC10240, S. aureusATCC6538, L. monocytogenesNCTC7973, E. coli ATCC35218, E. cloacae (human isolate), P. aeruginosaATCC27853 & S. typhimuriumATCC13311 | Disc-diffusion & Micro dilution | 1–3.4mg/ml/1.4–4.0mg/ml | (Ćilerdžić et al. 2014) |
| G.lucidium | 95% EtOH | 12b-acetoxy-3β,7 β -dihydroxy-11,15,23-trioxolanost-8-en-26-oic acid butyl ester(71) | S. aureus(ATCC 6538) & B.subtilis(ATCC6633) | Micro dilution | 68.5 µM&123.8 µM | (Liu et al. 2014) |
| G. lucidum | MeOH | NG | S. aureus(ATCC 6538),B.cereus(clinical isolate), L. monocytogenes(NCTC 7973), M. flavus(ATCC 10240), P. aeruginosa(ATCC 27853), E. coli (ATCC 35210), S. typhimurium(ATCC 13311), E. cloacae (human isolate) | Micro dilution | 0.0125–0.75mg/ml/0.035–1.5mg/ml | (Heleno et al. 2013) |
| G. lucidium | H2O | Mycelia(Protein extract) | S. epidermidis, B. subtilis, B .cereus E. coli, P. aeruginosa | Micro dilution | 20–81.5mg/ml/ND | (Sa-Ard et al. 2015) |
| G. lucidium | H2O | Fruiting bodies(Protein extract) | S. epidermidis, S. aureus, B. subtilis, B. cereus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa | 81.5-512mg/ml/ND | (Sa-Ard et al. 2015) | |
| G. orbiforme | MeOH, EtOAc, Acetone | Mycelia# | M. tuberculosis | Green Fluorescent Protein Micro Plate Assay | 0.781-50µg/mL/ND | (Isaka et al. 2016) |
MeOH-Methanol; EtOH-Ethanol; dH2O- Distilled water; NG- Data Not Given; ZOI-Zone Of Inhibition; MIC- Minimum Inhibitory Concentration; MBC- Minimum Bactericidal Concentration; S. aureus- Staphylococcus aureus; B. subtilis- Bacillus subtilis;, #(astraodoric acid B(50), ganorbiformin F(72), ganoderic acid TR(34), ganoderic acid T(73), ganoderic acid S(18), (22S,24E)-3β,15α,22-triacetoxylanosta-8,24-dien-26-oic acid(41), (24E)-3β-acetoxy-7α-hydroxylanosta-8,24-dien-26-oic acid(44), (24E)-3β,15α-diacetoxy-7α-hydroxylanosta-8,24-dien-26-oic acid(43), (22S,24E)-7α-hydroxy-3β,15α,22-triacetoxylanosta-8,24-dien-26-oic acid(42), (22S,24E)-3β,22-diacetoxy-7α-methoxylanosta-8,24-dien-26-oic acid(46), (22S,24E)-7α-Methoxy-3β,15α,22-triacetoxylanosta-8,24-dien-26-oic acid(47), (22S,24E)-3β,22-diacetoxylanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-26-oic acid(45).