Table 5. Hazard ratios of keratopathy and potential risk factors by multiple Cox regression.
| aHR | 95% CI | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Psoriasis exposure (reference: No) | 1.31 | 1.00–1.72# | 0.04 |
| Age at baseline (reference: 20–39) | |||
| <20 | 1.06 | 0.74–1.52 | 0.76 |
| 40–59 | 1.04 | 0.75–1.44 | 0.82 |
| >=60 | 2.10 | 1.48–2.97 | <0.01 |
| Gender(reference: Female) | |||
| Male | 0.70 | 0.56–0.89 | <0.01 |
| Low income (reference: No) | 1.52 | 0.62–3.69 | 0.36 |
| Co-morbidities (reference: No) | |||
| Cataract and cataract surgery | 1.13 | 0.46–2.79 | 0.79 |
| Uveitis | 1.51 | 0.47–4.84 | 0.49 |
| Glaucoma | 1.38 | 0.77–2.47 | 0.28 |
| Dry eye diseases | 2.79 | 1.97–3.95 | <0.01 |
| Modified Deyo-Charlson comorbidity index (reference:0) | |||
| 1–2 | 1.13 | 0.85–1.49 | 0.40 |
| 3–4 | 0.83 | 0.49–1.39 | 0.47 |
| >=5 | 1.10 | 0.59–2.07 | 0.76 |
| Medication* | |||
| NSAIDs | 1.14 | 0.89–1.45 | 0.31 |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 0.57 | 0.08–4.09 | 0.58 |
| Antibiotics | 0.52 | 0.07–3.74 | 0.52 |
aHR = adjusted hazard ratio
CI = confidence interval
NSAID: non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs
bDMARD: biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs
# The confidence interval of psoriasis exposure is 1.0046–1.7238 if calculated to forth decimal point
* Amiodarone, anti-neoplastic medications and bDMARD were excluded form multivariate regression analysis after model selection