Table 1. Baseline characteristics of participants in the test, treat, and prevent HIV program, Thailand, 2015–2016.
| Characteristics | Total n = 1876 Number (%) |
Men who have sex with men n = 1441 Number (%) |
Transgender women n = 435 Number (%) |
P-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recruitment method | ||||
| Peer-driven intervention | 443 (23.6) | 316 (21.9) | 127 (29.2) | |
| Walked in to clinic | 1433 (76.4) | 1125 (78.1) | 308 (70.8) | 0.002 |
| Site enrolled | ||||
| Khon Kaen Hospital | 333 (17.8) | 243 (16.9) | 90 (20.7) | |
| Lerdsin Hospital | 167 (8.9) | 144 (10.0) | 23 (5.3) | |
| Srinagarind Hospital | 393 (21.2) | 300 (20.8) | 98 (22.5) | |
| Thammasat Hospital | 483 (25.8) | 383 (26.6) | 100 (23.0) | |
| Udon Thani Hospital | 495 (26.4) | 371 (25.8) | 124 (28.5) | 0.007 |
| How do you perceive yourself? | ||||
| Heterosexual man | 319 (17.0) | 319 (22.1) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Gay man | 1031 (55.0) | 1031 (71.6) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Bisexual man | 91 (4.9) | 91 (6.3) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Transgender woman | 435 (23.2) | 0 (0.0) | 435 (100.0) | <0.0001 |
| Age at enrollment | ||||
| Median age in years (Interquartile range) | 23 (20–29) | 23 (19–29) | 24 (20–29) | 0.30 |
| 18–21 years | 778 (41.5) | 621 (43.1) | 157 (36.1) | |
| >21 years | 1098 (58.5) | 820 (56.9) | 278 (63.9) | 0.009 |
| Education | ||||
| Primary (6 years) or less | 175 (9.3) | 128 (8.9) | 47 (10.8) | |
| At least some secondary (7–12 years) | 1030 (54.9) | 753 (52.3) | 277 (63.7) | |
| More than secondary | 671 (35.8) | 560 (38.9) | 111 (25.5) | <0.0001 |
| Monthly income | ||||
| <5000 baht (<US $145) | 574 (30.6) | 429 (29.8) | 145 (33.3) | |
| 5000–10,000 baht (US $146–280) | 796 (42.4) | 594 (41.2) | 202 (46.4) | |
| >10,000 baht (>US $280) | 506 (27.0) | 418 (29.0) | 88 (20.2) | 0.001 |
| Current relationship status | ||||
| Single | 1200 (64.0) | 896 (62.2) | 304 (69.9) | |
| Have or live with male partner | 601 (32.0) | 472 (32.8) | 129 (29.7) | |
| Have or live with female partner | 75 (4.0) | 73 (5.1) | 2 (0.5) | <0.0001 |
| Age first had sex (data available on 1875 participants) | n = 1875 | n = 1440 | n = 435 | |
| Median age in years (Interquartile range) | 17 (15–19) | 17 (15–19) | 16 (14–18) | |
| ≤13 years | 220 (11.7) | 139 (9.7) | 81 (18.6) | |
| 14–16 years | 634 (33.8) | 458 (31.8) | 176 (40.5) | |
| >16 years | 1021 (54.5) | 843 (58.5) | 178 (40.9) | <0.0001 |
| Sexual activities in the past 6 months (data available on 1793 participants) | n = 1793 | n = 1373 | n = 420 | |
| Had sex with a man | 1602 (89.6) | 1190 (86.7) | 416 (99.1) | <0.0001 |
| Had sex with a woman | 281 (15.7) | 277 (20.2) | 4 (1.0) | <0.0001 |
| Had sex with a transgender woman | 256 (14.3) | 248 (18.1) | 8 (1.9) | <0.0001 |
| Had sex with an HIV-infected partner | 86 (4.8) | 74 (5.4) | 12 (2.9) | 0.03 |
| 100% condom use with HIV-infected partner (n = 86) | 20 (23.3) | 20 (27.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.04 |
| Had receptive anal intercourse | 1186 (66.2) | 806 (58.7) | 380 (90.5) | <0.0001 |
| 100% condom use during receptive anal intercourse (n = 1186) | 216 (18.2) | 157 (19.5) | 59 (15.5) | 0.10 |
| Had insertive anal intercourse | 965 (53.8) | 904 (65.8) | 61 (14.5) | <0.0001 |
| 100% condom use during insertive anal intercourse (n = 965) | 216 (22.4) | 206 (22.8) | 10 (16.4) | 0.25 |
| Had a steady sex partner | 896 (50.0) | 722 (52.6) | 174 (41.4) | <0.0001 |
| 100% condom use with steady partner (n = 896) | 143 (16.0) | 127 (17.6) | 16 (9.2) | 0.007 |
| Had casual sex partner/s | 1233 (68.8) | 912 (66.4) | 321 (76.4) | 0.0001 |
| 100% condom use with casual partner/s (n = 1233) | 371 (30.1) | 281 (30.8) | 90 (28.0) | 0.35 |
| Had sex with sex worker/s | 259 (14.5) | 199 (14.5) | 60 (14.3) | 0.92 |
| 100% condom use with sex worker/s (n = 259) | 88 (34.0) | 71 (35.7) | 17 (28.3) | 0.29 |
| Received money or gifts for sex | 355 (19.8) | 194 (14.1) | 161 (38.3) | <0.0001 |
| 100% condom use with those who gave money or gifts (n = 355) | 116 (32.7) | 55 (28.4) | 61 (37.9) | 0.06 |
| Drug use activities in the past 6 months (data available on 1875 participants) | n = 1875 | n = 1440 | n = 435 | |
| Injected drugs | 37 (2.0) | 21 (1.5) | 16 (3.7) | 0.003 |
| Drugs used (reported by >1% of participants) | ||||
| Alcohol | 104 (5.6) | 79 (5.5) | 25 (5.8) | 0.83 |
| Methamphetamine | 76 (4.1) | 63 (4.4) | 13 (3.0) | 0.20 |
| Poppers | 36 (1.9) | 36 (2.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0.0009 |
| Marijuana | 32 (1.7) | 27 (1.9) | 5 (1.2) | 0.31 |
| Viagra | 30 (1.6) | 29 (2.0) | 1 (0.2) | 0.01 |
| Baseline laboratory test results (data available on 1876 participants) | n = 1876 | n = 1441 | n = 435 | |
| First HIV test | 1312 (69.9) | 1029 (71.4) | 283 (65.1) | 0.01 |
| HIV-infected | 302 (16.1) | 263 (18.3) | 39 (9.0) | <0.0001 |
| Median CD4 count (cells/mm3) (data available on 279 participants: MSM = 246, TG = 33) | 312 (205–418) | 310 (202–397) | 323 (250–484) | 0.25 |
MSM men who have sex with men, TG transgender women
*Chi-square test used for categorical variables and t-test used for continuous variables.