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. 2018 Jul 25;8:11197. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-29237-5

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Expression pattern of liver-enriched genes and its relationship with tumor dedifferentiation. (A) Heatmap displaying the expression pattern of liver-enriched genes in non-tumor tissues and HCC tissues with different pathological stages in the TCGA dataset. Red indicates high expression and blue indicates low expression. (B) Quantitative analysis of the expression pattern of liver-enriched genes in Fig. 4A. RSEM values were Log2 transformed, and the mean values of the liver-enriched genes in every sample were calculated. Then the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare differences among the four groups. (C) SPP2 was a typical example showing the expression level of liver-enriched genes in different histological grades. SPP2 expression decreased gradually with the progression of the tumor grade. (D) Heatmap showing the expression levels of 188 liver-enriched genes in different histological grades. Most liver-enriched genes displayed gradually reduced RNA expression correlated with the augment of tumor grade. (E) Comparison of mRNA expression profiles of liver-enriched genes in differentiated and non-differentiated HCC cell lines in GSE36133. Ten were non-differentiated HCC cell lines (HLE, HLF, JHH-6, SK-HEP-1, SNU-182, SNU-387, SNU-398, SNU-423, SNU-449 and SNU-475) and five were differentiated cell lines (C3A, Hep3B2.1-7, HepG2, HuH-6 and HuH-7). (F) Quantitative analysis of the expression pattern of liver-enriched genes in the differentiated and non-differentiated HCC cell lines.