Table 3.

Inclusion and exclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria

Male or female between age of 50–85

Probable AD consistent with NIA/AA criteria

Modified Hachinski Ischemia Scale ≤4

Mini Mental State Exam 18–28

Short form Geriatric Depression Scale ≤6

If being treated with AChEI and/or Memantine, has been on medication for ≥4 months with a stable dose for ≥3 months

Beta-amyloid deposition on [18F]-florbetaben PET in the right frontal lobe

ASA physical status classification I-III

Exclusion criteria

Contraindications to MRI, MRI contrast, or ultrasound contrast

MRI findings of active or acute neurological process (e.g. infection, tumor) or macrohemorrhage or >4 lobar microbleeds

≥30% of the skull area traversed by sonication is covered by scars, scalp disorder or atrophic scalp

Significant cardiac disease

Uncontrolled hypertension

Predisposition for bleeding

Known cerebral or systemic vasculopathy

Frequency or severity of ≥2 on Delusion, Hallucination, or Agitation/Aggression subscales of the NPI-Q

Impaired renal function

Severe chronic respiratory disorders

NIA/AA National Institute on Aging/Alzheimer’s Association, AChEI acetyl-cholinesterase inhibitor, ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists