Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2018 Jul 18;12:33. doi: 10.3389/fnsys.2018.00033

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2018 Ditz, Kupferman and Nieder.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

PMC Copyright notice

Task and behavior. (A) The crow initiates a trial by entering the light barrier when the ‘go’ stimulus is shown. Upon entering, the trial starts with a pre-sample phase, followed by the sample presentation. The crow has to remember the seen number of dots until a test stimulus comes up, which is either the same number of dots, which requires a response by the bird, or a different number of dots, which requires the bird to wait until the match appears. (B) Example stimuli. Control stimuli equate area and density over all set sizes. (C,D) Averaged behavior during standard and control trials (error bar ± SEM) over both birds and sessions (n = 75). Color indicates the sample numerosity; X-axis denotes the test numerosity. The Y-axis indicates the probability that a crow judges the sample and test numerosity as being equal.