Table 1.

Baseline study and patient characteristicsᅟ

First author [reference]	Year	Study design	No. of patients	Primary ACS	Secondary ACS	M/F	Baseline IAPa	Time to decompress	Mortality rate	Definition ACS
Meldrum et al. [21]	1997	Prospective study	21	21	0	15/6	27 ± 2.3	27 ± 4 hours	28.6%	Grades III and IV
Chang et al. [22]	1998	Prospective study	11	11	0	8/3	/	38 ± 34 hours	63.6%	Grade IV
Ertel et al. [23]	2000	Prospective and retrospective	17	17	0	14/3	42 ± 20.6	12.9 ± 2 hours	35.3%	Grade IV
Kopelman et al. [24]	2000	Case series	6	0	6	6/0	41.5 ± 11.5	/	66.7%	Grade IV
Beck et al.b [18]	2001	Prospective study	10 (15c)	0	10	/	23.9 ± 3.8	/	60%	Grades II, III, and IV
Mcnelis et al. [25]	2002	Retrospective study	18 (19c)	3	15	6/12	43.4	/	61.1%	Grade IV
Mayberry et al. [26]	2003	Retrospective study	9	0	9	6/3	36 ± 5	17 ± 15 hours	22.2%	Grades III and IV
Balogh et al. [27]	2003	Prospective study	26	11	15	20/6	36 ± 15.3	13 ± 2 hours	57.7%	Grade IV
Dolores-Velasquez et al. [28]	2003	Prospective study	10	0	10	7/3	30.2 ± 7.6	/	30%	Grade IV
Zhou et al. [29]	2010	Retrospective study	16	4	12	6/10	25.2 ± 3.6	26 ± 11.2 hours	/	Grades III and IV
Struck et al. [30]	2013	Retrospective study	35	0	35	24/11	33 ± 7	/	71.4%	Grades III and IV
Rollins et al.2 [31]	2013	Retrospective study	7	0	7	6/1	28.3 ± 6.7	/	100%	Grades II, III, and IV
Divarci et al.2 [17]	2014	Prospective study	6	2	4	/	20.7 ± 3	/	16.7%	Grades II, III, and IV
De Waele et al. [32]	2016	Prospective study	33	27	6	20/13	23 ± 1.5	/	36.4%	Grades III and IV
Peng et al. [33]	2016	Retrospective study	61d	48	10	35/26	34 ± 7.75	64 ± 22.5	52.5%	Grades III and IV

ACS Abdominal compartment syndrome, IAP Intra-abdominal pressure, / = not available

^aIntra-abdominal pressure before decompressive laparotomy (in mean ± SD)

^bArticles describing children

^cTotal number of episodes

^dEtiology unknown in three patients