Table 4.
Characteristics of patient engagement studies
| Study characteristics (n = 48) | Number | Percent |
|---|---|---|
| Country | ||
| UK | 26 | 54 |
| USA | 11 | 23 |
| Canada | 3 | 6 |
| Australia | 2 | 4 |
| Ireland | 2 | 4 |
| Mexico | 1 | 2 |
| Sweden | 1 | 2 |
| Netherlands | 1 | 2 |
| Norway | 1 | 2 |
| Type of service | ||
| Mental health | 17 | 35 |
| General health/community/primary care | 5 | 10 |
| Pediatric/maternity care | 6 | 13 |
| Acute care/emergency | 6 | 13 |
| Cancer | 3 | 6 |
| HIV/AIDS | 3 | 6 |
| Diabetes | 2 | 4 |
| Smoking cessation/substance abuse | 2 | 4 |
| Physical and intellectual disability | 1 | 2 |
| Elderly/home treatment | 1 | 2 |
| Stroke | 1 | 2 |
| Multiple sclerosis | 1 | 2 |
| Design | ||
| Qualitative | 27 | 56 |
| Mixed methods | 13 | 27 |
| Quantitative | 3 | 6 |
| Other | 5 | 11 |
| Level of engagement | ||
| Co-design | 24 | 50 |
| Consultative to co-design | 24 | 50 |
| Type of quality of care outcome* | ||
| Discrete product | ||
| Education/tool development | 11 | 23 |
| Enhanced policy or planning document | 15 | 31 |
| Care process or structural outcome | ||
| Enhanced care process or service delivery | 35 | 73 |
| Enhanced governance | 5 | 10 |
| Evaluation of patient experiences of engagement process | ||
| Formal | 12 | 25 |
| Informal; anecdotal reports | 11 | 23 |
| None | 25 | 52 |
| Evaluation of engagement methods | ||
| Yes | 25 | 52 |
| No | 23 | 48 |
*The total outcomes exceed the number of studies because some studies reported more than one outcome