Table 4.
Cox regression results for early-onset seizures at several time-intervals
| Follow-up | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 year | 2 years | 5 years | 10 years | 26 years | ||||||
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) | p value | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | p value | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | p value | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | p value | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | p value | |
| Early-onset seizures | 0.96 (0.41–2.25) | 0.93 | 1.14 (0.54–2.41) | 0.72 | 0.83 (0.43–1.63) | 0.59 | 1.02 (0.59–1.78) | 0.93 | 1.09 (0.64–1.85) | 0.76 |
| Older age (per year) | 1.06 (1.03–1.09) | 0.00 | 1.06 (1.03–1.08) | 0.00 | 1.07 (1.05–1.09) | 0.00 | 1.08 (1.06–1.09) | 0.00 | 1.09 (1.08–1.10) | 0.00 |
| Male gender | 1.10 (0.69–1.75) | 0.68 | 1.04 (0.68–1.59) | 0.85 | 1.19 (0.86–1.64) | 0.30 | 1.19 (0.91–1.57) | 0.21 | 1.28 (1.01–1.61) | 0.04 |
| DM | 1.31 (0.81–2.11) | 0.28 | 1.26 (0.81–1.96) | 0.30 | 1.29 (0.92–1.81) | 0.15 | 1.46 (1.10–1.93) | 0.01 | 1.50 (1.16–1.95) | 0.00 |
| IHD | 1.42 (0.92–2.18) | 0.11 | 1.23 (0.82–1.85) | 0.31 | 1.05 (0.76–1.45) | 0.79 | 1.15 (0.87–1.52) | 0.32 | 1.17 (0.91–1.50) | 0.24 |
| Hypertension | 0.97 (0.64–1.49) | 0.90 | 0.96 (0.65–1.41) | 0.84 | 1.02 (0.76–1.37) | 0.91 | 0.97 (0.76–1.24) | 0.81 | 1.11 (0.89–1.37) | 0.35 |
| Smoking | 0.12 | 0.16 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.01 | |||||
| Smoking vs. non-smoking | 1.03 (0.61–1.75) | 0.91 | 1.01 (0.62–1.64) | 0.97 | 1.01 (0.70–1.46) | 0.95 | 1.20 (0.90–1.61) | 0.21 | 1.22 (0.95–1.56) | 0.12 |
| Smoking unknown vs. non-smoking | 1.77 (1.02–3.07) | 0.04 | 1.64 (0.98–2.75) | 0.06 | 1.65 (1.08–2.53) | 0.02 | 1.75 (1.18–2.58) | 0.01 | 1.70 (1.17–2.46) | 0.01 |
| Smoking unknown vs. smoking | 1.71 (0.87–3.39) | 0.12 | 1.62 (0.86–3.08) | 0.14 | 1.63 (0.98–2.70) | 0.06 | 1.45 (0.93–2.26) | 0.10 | 1.39 (0.93–2.11) | 0.11 |
| mRS | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |||||
| mRS 3 vs. 1 or 2 | 1.14 (0.45–2.88) | 0.79 | 1.13 (0.49–2.57) | 0.78 | 1.29 (0.76–2.21) | 0.35 | 1.21 (0.79–1.84) | 0.38 | 1.14 (0.82–1.58) | 0.44 |
| mRS 4 or 5 vs. 1 or 2 | 2.61 (1.12–6.06) | 0.03 | 2.53 (1.20–5.36) | 0.02 | 1.83 (1.11–3.03) | 0.02 | 1.85 (1.25–2.73) | 0.00 | 1.58 (1.15–2.16) | 0.00 |
| mRS 4 or 5 vs. 3 | 2.29 (1.35–3.91) | 0.00 | 2.24 (1.39–3.64) | 0.00 | 1.42 (1.01–1.98) | 0.04 | 1.53 (1.15–2.03) | 0.00 | 1.38 (1.08–1.77) | 0.01 |
| Infarct type | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |||||
| Infarct-type AT vs. LACI | 1.60 (0.93–2.77) | 0.09 | 1.60 (0.98–2.60) | 0.06 | 1.24 (0.88–1.75) | 0.23 | 1.14 (0.86–1.51) | 0.36 | 1.12 (0.88–1.43) | 0.37 |
| Infarct-type CE vs. LACI | 3.03 (1.75–5.24) | 0.00 | 2.69 (1.64–4.42) | 0.00 | 1.84 (1.28–2.65) | 0.00 | 1.69 (1.24–2.30) | 0.00 | 1.63 (1.24–2.14) | 0.00 |
| Infarct-type CE vs. AT | 1.89 (1.20–2.97) | 0.01 | 1.69 (1.11–2.56) | 0.02 | 1.49 (1.05–2.10) | 0.02 | 1.48 (1.09–2.00) | 0.01 | 1.46 (1.11–1.92) | 0.01 |
Note that all analyses were run two times: once with indicator first and once with indicator last, resulting in three different comparisons to report for the variables smoking, mRS and infarct type
DM diabetes mellitus, IHD ischemic heart disease, mRS modified Rankin scale, AT atherothrombotic infarct type, CE cardioembolic infarct type, LACI lacunar infarct type