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. 2018 Mar 28;62(2):403–413. doi: 10.1007/s00267-018-1033-6

Table 4.

Reaction-to-fire properties of biomass added biochar composites

Samples Time to ignition (TTI) (s) Peak heat release rate (PHRR) (kW/m2) Total heat release (THR) (MJ/m2) Time to PHRR (TPHRR) (s)
Neat PP 29.0 ± 2.0 1054.0 ± 120.0 97.0 ± 14.0 120.0 ± 18.0
RH+BC 17.0 ± 0.94 501.8 ± 15.9 90.8 ± 3.3 51.6 ± 2.7
CH+BC 16.3 ± 0.54 394.1 ± 3.5 90.8 ± 1.0 45.0 ± 0.0
WL+BC 16.3 ± 1.97 596.4 ± 29.2 97.6 ± 0.1 60.0 ± 4.7
WD+BC 17.3 ± 1.45 449.1 ± 3.2 87.5 ± 1.7 58.3 ± 7.2