Table 3.

Hazard ratios for SLE in the total cohort and the HLA-DQ2/8 study cohort

	Exposed to event		Univariable Cox regression			Multivariable Cox regression
	Diabetes cases [n (%)]	Controls [n (%)]	HR	95% CI	p	HR	95% CI	p
Total cohorta (n = 23,187)
SLE, during pregnancy	38 (22.9)	4323 (18.8)	1.28	0.89:1.8	0.20	1.27	0.85:1.9	0.24
SLE, after pregnancy	24 (14.5)	2287 (9.9)	1.52	0.99:2.3	0.06	1.67	1.1:2.7	0.03
SLE, during and/or after pregnancy	51 (30.7)	5521 (24.0)	1.40	1.00:1.9	0.045	1.39	0.97:2.0	0.07
Disease/death/accident/violence, during pregnancy	21 (12.6)	2451 (10.7)	1.21	0.77:1.9	0.68	1.13	0.69:1.9	0.62
Disease/death/accident/violence, after pregnancy	11 (6.6)	1211 (5.3)	1.27	0.69:2.3	0.57	1.32	0.69:2.5	0.40
Unemployment/conflict/divorce, during pregnancy	18 (10.8)	1844 (8.0)	1.40	0.86:2.3	0.18	1.59	0.92:2.8	0.10
Unemployment/conflict/divorce, after pregnancy	10 (6.0)	898 (3.9)	1.58	0.83:3.0	0.16	2.07	1.01: 4.2	0.047
HLA-DQ 2/8 cohortb (n = 865)
Serious life event, during pregnancy	16 (17.2)	156 (18.7)	1.45	0.82:2.6	0.20	1.37	0.76:2.5	0.29
Serious life event, after pregnancy	11 (11.8)	71 (8.5)	2.19	1.1:4.2	0.019	2.2	1.1:4.2	0.018
Serious life event, during and/or after pregnancy	20 (21.5)	197 (23.6)	1.48	0.87:2.5	0.15	1.41	0.82:2.4	0.21
Disease/death/accident/violence, during pregnancy	8 (8.6)	89 (10.6)	1.19	0.57:2.5	0.64	1.05	0.47:2.3	0.90
Disease/death/accident/violence, after pregnancy	3 (3.2)	39 (4.7)	1.01	0.32:3.2	0.63	1.00	0.31:3.2	0.99
Unemployment/conflict/divorce, during pregnancy	10 (10.8)	69 (8.2)	2.02	1.0:4.0	0.042	2.16	1.1:4.3	0.03
Unemployment/conflict/divorce, after pregnancy	7 (7.5)	19 (2.3)	4.71	2.1:10	< 0.001	4.98	2.3:11	< 0.001

^aCox multiple regression model: first-degree relative IDDM, mother born in Sweden, father born in Sweden and HLA risk group included as model covariates

^bCox multiple regression model: first-degree relative IDDM included as model covariate