Table 4.
Pancreatic metabolism and beta cell function in healthy and prediabetic or type 2 diabetic men
| Variable | Healthy men | Prediabetic/T2DM men | p values | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre (n = 28) | Post (n = 26) | Pre (n = 16) | Post (n = 13) | Baseline difference | Time | Time × DM | |
| Pancreatic metabolism | |||||||
| Glucose uptake (μmol 100 g−1 min−1) | 3.9 (3.6, 4.2) | 4.0 (3.7, 4.3) | 3.7 (3.3, 4.1) | 3.8 (3.4, 4.3) | 0.53 | 0.31 | 0.97 |
| Fatty acid uptake (μmol 100 g−1 min−1)a | 1.4 (1.2, 1.6) | 1.2 (1.0, 1.5) | 1.3 (1.0, 1.5) | 1.2 (1.0, 1.5) | 0.46 | 0.38 | 0.54 |
| Beta cell function | |||||||
| ISRbasal (pmol min−1 m−2) | 81 (69, 94) | 89 (76, 102) | 152 (136, 169) | 139 (122, 157) | <0.001* | 0.54 | 0.006* |
| ISRearly (nmol m−2)b | 7.5 (6.4, 8.7) | 9.1 (7.7, 10.7) | 9.1 (7.4, 11.1) | 8.5 (6.9. 10.6) | 0.15 | 0.23 | 0.028* |
| ΔISR0–30/ΔG0–30 (nmol m−2/mmol l−1)b | 0.16 (0.13, 0.19) | 0.12 (0.10, 0.15) | 0.08 (0.06, 0.10) | 0.07 (0.05, 0.09) | <0.001* | 0.010* | 0.71 |
| ISRlate (nmol/m2) | 32 (28, 36) | 32 (28, 36) | 41 (36, 46) | 41 (36, 47) | 0.005* | 0.98 | 0.85 |
| ISRtotal (nmol/m2) | 40 (36, 45) | 42 (37, 46) | 50 (45, 56) | 50 (44, 56) | 0.008* | 0.75 | 0.65 |
| Glucose sensitivity (pmol min−1 m−2 [mmol/l]−1) | 114 (94, 133) | 114 (94, 133) | 61 (35, 86) | 58 (31, 84) | 0.001* | 0.81 | 0.81 |
| Rate sensitivity (pmol m−2 [mmol/l]−1) | 1043 (836, 1250) | 842 (620, 1065) | 726 (453, 1000) | 452 (156, 748) | 0.12 | 0.013* | 0.69 |
| Potentiation factor ratioa | 2.0 (1.7, 2.4) | 1.9 (1.6, 2.3) | 1.3 (1.0, 1.7) | 1.7 (1.3, 2.2) | 0.010* | 0.29 | 0.086 |
Results are presented as model-based means (95% CI)
The baseline difference p value indicates whether there is a baseline difference between healthy and prediabetic or type 2 diabetic men. The Time p value displays the mean change between pre- and post-measurements. The Time × DM p value indicates whether the mean changes are different between healthy and prediabetic or type 2 diabetic men
aSquare root transformation performed
bLogarithmic transformation (log10) performed
*Statistically significant p value (p ≤ 0.05)
DM, diabetes mellitus; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus