Table 2.
Association between GRS53 and IR and related metabolic traits
| Variable | TCOCT sample | Population-based control sample | Difference in GRS effect size between groups p t test |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | β ± SE | p value | p value (FDR 10%) | n | β ± SE | p value | p value (FDR 10%) | ||
| Biochemical measures | |||||||||
| HOMA-IR | 689 | 0.109 ± 0.050 | 2.73 × 10−2*a,b | 0.09 | 675 | 0.021 ± 0.012 | 0.10a,b | 0.59 | 0.22 |
| Fasting serum insulin (pmol/l) | 689 | 2.250 ± 1.114 | 0.05a,b | 0.12 | 675 | 0.495 ± 0.307 | 0.11a,b | 0.59 | 0.27 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 689 | 0.010 ± 0.005 | 2.51 × 10−2*a,b | 0.09 | 675 | 0.003 ± 0.003 | 0.40a,b | 0.70 | 0.35 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 686 | 0.016 ± 0.028 | 0.58b | 0.66 | 636 | 0.005 ± 0.025 | 0.86b | 0.97 | 0.67 |
| Fasting plasma LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) | 680 | 0.007 ± 0.007 | 0.37a,b | 0.46 | 635 | 0.004 ± 0.005 | 0.49a,b | 0.70 | 0.61 |
| Fasting plasma HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) | 680 | −0.008 ± 0.003 | 1.23 × 10−3**a,b | 8.00 × 10−3** | 635 | −0.007 ± 0.003 | 1.79 × 10−2*a,b | 0.29 | 0.68 |
| Fasting plasma total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 680 | 0.003 ± 0.007 | 0.73a,b | 0.78 | 635 | −0.002 ± 0.006 | 0.55a,b | 0.70 | 0.54 |
| Fasting plasma triacylglycerol (mmol/l) | 680 | 0.007 ± 0.005 | 0.23a,b | 0.34 | 635 | 0.001 ± 0.003 | 0.94a,b | 0.97 | 0.46 |
| Anthropometrics | |||||||||
| BM SDS | 689 | −0.007 ± 0.006 | 0.26 | 0.35 | 675 | 0.0003 ± 0.009 | 0.97 | 0.97 | 0.54 |
| WHR | 664 | −6.267 × 10−5 ± 6.655 × 10−4 | 0.93b | 0.93 | 672 | 0.0004 ± 0.001 | 0.48b | 0.70 | 0.60 |
| BP | |||||||||
| Systolic BP SDS | 660 | 0.026 ± 0.012 | 3.32 × 10−2* | 0.09 | 642 | −0.011 ± 0.012 | 0.35 | 0.70 | 0.17 |
| Diastolic BP SDS | 660 | 0.013 ± 0.008 | 0.09 | 0.14 | 642 | −0.007 ± 0.006 | 0.23 | 0.70 | 0.32 |
| DXA | |||||||||
| Fat mass, total (%) | 391 | −0.143 ± 0.054 | 9.15 × 10−3**b | 4.80 × 10−2* | 44 | −0.140 ± 0.203 | 0.49b | 0.70 | 1.00 |
| Fat mass, torso (%) | 391 | −0.116 ± 0.066 | 0.08b | 0.14 | 44 | −0.156 ± 0.213 | 0.47b | 0.70 | 0.71 |
| Fat mass, legs (%) | 391 | −0.197 ± 0.055 | 4.09 × 10−4***b | 6.40 × 10−3** | 44 | −0.133 ± 0.231 | 0.57b | 0.70 | 0.62 |
| Fat mass, arms (%) | 391 | −0.116 ± 0.062 | 0.06b | 0.12 | 44 | −0.149 ± 0.258 | 0.57b | 0.70 | 0.76 |
Results are shown for the unweighted GRS. Effect sizes and SEs were calculated using untransformed variables. Values for p were calculated using untransformed variables unless otherwise indicated. All DXA scan analyses were adjusted for type of scanner
ap value calculated using log-transformed (base 10) variables
bAnalyses adjusted for age and sex
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001