Table 5.

Mortality rates according to exposure to chlorhexidine oral care in mechanically ventilated patients

	Survivors, N = 79,879	Non-survivors, N = 2395	% non-survivors	OR (95% CI)	p value
Without mechanical ventilation
No ICU stay
No chlorhexidine oral care (0 mg)	65,034	751	1	Reference	–
Low chlorhexidine oral care (≤ 300 mg)	2375	363	13	4.86 (4.17–5.66)	< 0.001
High chlorhexidine oral care (> 300 mg)	584	101	15	3.71 (2.84–4.80)	< 0.001
ICU stay
No chlorhexidine oral care (0 mg)	4854	118	2	Reference	–
Low chlorhexidine oral care (≤ 300 mg)	3244	187	5	0.86 (0.63–1.14)	0.27
High chlorhexidine oral care (> 300 mg)	818	95	10	0.95 (0.64–1.40)	0.81
With mechanical ventilation ≤ 96 h
No chlorhexidine oral care (0 mg)	263	65	20	Reference	–
Low chlorhexidine oral care (≤ 300 mg)	1469	220	13	0.58 (0.39–0.87)	0.008
High chlorhexidine oral care (> 300 mg)	687	143	17	0.51 (0.34–0.79)	0.003
With mechanical ventilation > 96 h
No chlorhexidine oral care (0 mg)	36	20	36	Reference	–
Low chlorhexidine oral care (≤ 300 mg)	122	100	45	1.47 (0.75–2.91)	0.26
High chlorhexidine oral care (> 300 mg)	393	232	37	1.11 (0.59–2.14)	0.74

OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval