Table 3.
Factors associated with pragmatic virological failure; crude failure rates and hazard ratios
| Factor | Category | No of failures N(pyar) | FailureRate / 100pyar | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | P-value1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 28 (1036) | 2.7 | |||
| Gender | Male | 10 (384) | 2.6 | 1 | 0.90 |
| Female | 18 (652) | 2.8 | 1.03 ( 0.52 –2.23) | ||
| Age (Years) | 14 – 29 | 12 (184) | 6.5 | 1 | 0.04 |
| 30 – 39 | 8 (463) | 1.7 | 0.30 ( 0.09-0.71 ) | ||
| 40 – 49 | 5 (272) | 1.8 | 0.31 ( 0.11-0.93 ) | ||
| 50+ | 3 (117) | 2.6 | 0.43 ( 0.12-1.44 ) | ||
| Level of education | None or incomplete primary | 19 (691) | 2.7 | 1 | 0.33 |
| incomplete secondary | 6 (138) | 4.3 | 1.52 ( 0.62-3.92 ) | ||
| Complete secondary | 3 (207) | 1.4 | 0.61 ( 0.24-1.56 ) | ||
| Marital status | Single, separated or widowed | 11 (471) | 2.3 | 1 | 0.33 |
| Married /steady partner | 17 (564) | 3.0 | 1.22 ( 0.64-2.67 ) | ||
| 2 Number of steady partners at enrolment | None | 1 (481) | 0.2 | 1 | 0.23 |
| One | 17 (513) | 3.3 | 1.34 ( 0.56-2.82 ) | ||
| Two or more | 0 ---- | ---- | . | ||
| Alcohol consumption | No | 16 (717) | 2.2 | 1 | 0.15 |
| Yes | 12 (318) | 3.8 | 1.67 ( 0.81-3.67 ) | ||
| Occupation | Farmer | 17 (654) | 2.6 | 1 | 0.15 |
| Trader/seller | 1 (154) | 0.6 | 0.33 ( 0.03-1.90 ) | ||
| Semi-skilled/skilled | 1 (47) | 2.1 | 0.70 ( 0.11-5.30 ) | ||
| Others | 9 (211) | 4.3 | 1.60 ( 0.74-3.67 ) | ||
| CD4 count at ART initiation (cells/mm3) | 200+ | 7 (196) | 3.6 | 1 | 0.19 |
| 50 – <200 | 16 (625) | 2.6 | 0.87 (0.36 – 2.12) | ||
| <50 | 5 (214) | 2.3 | 0.78 (0.25 – 2.45) | ||
|
3 Baseline viral load (copies per ml) |
<1000 | 1 (58) | 1.7 | 1 | 0.32 |
| 1000- <10,000 | 2 (57) | 3.5 | 1.91 ( 0.20-20.8 ) | ||
| 10000+ | 23 (886) | 2.6 | 1.60 ( 0.20-11.7 ) | ||
| Proportion of visits on which good adherence (> 95%) was reported | 95%+ | 12 (731) | 1.6 | 1 | <0.001 |
| 90-94% | 2 (162) | 2.2 | 0.74 (0.16 – 3.29) | ||
| <90% | 14 (139) | 10.1 | 5.05 (2.3 –11.05 ) | ||
| Linear hazard ratio for 10% drop in the proportion of visits good adherence was reported |
1.45 (1.26 -1.71 ) | ||||
| 4 Body mass index (BMI)(kg/m2) | >18.5 | 16 (743) | 2.2 | 1 | 0.33 |
| 15-18.5 | 10 (255) | 3.9 | 1.93 ( 0.87-4.25 ) | ||
| >18.5 | 1 (28) | 3.6 | 1.47 ( 0.20-11.11) | ||
1
P value from the Likelihood Ratio Test
2
Data was missing on the number of steady partners at enrolment for 10 participants with virological failure
3
aseline viral load has missing data on 2 participants
4
BMI has missing data4 for 1 participant