Fig 5. A variety of experimental and simulated data are used to validate OpenSim models.

For example, our models of muscle contraction dynamics [46] were validated using in vivo isolated rat soleus muscle data from Krylow and Sandercock [51]. The data shown here (second column) were collected from one of these sources (force transducer; first column) as the muscle was maximally excited and its free end was displaced according to a predetermined time-varying signal, repeating for various displacements (shown here for 0.10–1.00 mm). We replicated these experiments in simulation to validate our computational model of muscle contraction dynamics [46].