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. 2017 May 5;6(5):e16231. doi: 10.1038/lsa.2016.231

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Copyright © 2017 The Author(s)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

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Episode number, mean duration (a), stage transition (b) and EEG power density of NREM sleep (c) during 5-h light-on phase. Black, white and red bars show the profiles of continuous darkness, white and red light (10 lx) treatments, respectively. Values are means±SEM (n=6, 7). **P<0.01 indicates significant differences between two groups. Data were assessed via one-way ANOVA followed by a Bonferroni test. Blue horizontal bars indicate the location of a statistically significant difference (P<0.05, two-tailed unpaired t-test) between white light and continuous darkness. R, REM sleep; S, NREM sleep; W, wake.