Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of 1615 ≥ daily opioid users, stratified by gender, Vancouver, Canada, 2006–2016.

Characteristic	Total, n (%) N = 1615)	Gender, n (%)		p - value
		Male (n = 992)	Female (n = 623)
Socio-demographics
Age (median, IQR)	41 (34–48)	43 (36–49)	38 (31–45)	<0.001†
Caucasian ethnicity	992 (61.4)	692 (69.8)	300 (48.2)	<0.001
≥High school education	769 (47.6)	507 (51.1)	262 (42.1)	0.001
Comorbidities
HIV-positive#	585 (36.2)	356 (35.9)	229 (36.8)	0.723
HCV-positive#	1428 (88.4)	879 (88.6)	549 (88.1)	0.833
Substance use-related factors
≥Daily cocaine injection#	206 (12.8)	132 (13.3)	74 (11.9)	0.402
≥Daily crack use#	742 (45.9)	415 (41.8)	327 (52.5)	<0.001
Social-structural factors
Homeless#	668 (41.4)	409 (41.2)	259 (41.6)	0.829
Incarceration#	356 (22.0)	238 (24.0)	118 (18.9)	0.020

IQR, interquartile range.

^#Refers to the 6-month period prior to enrolment

^†Wilcoxon rank sum test