Table 3.
Targeted metabolomics results to clinical evaluation study group.
| Clinic Profile | Total (n = 53) | No OSA (n = 16) | OSA (n = 37) | p value | CI dif. 95% | AUC (CI 95%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 91.7 ± 5.4 | 94.6 ± 9.6 | 90.4 ± 5.4 | 0.159 | [−1.18; 9.56] | 0.623 (0.804–0.442) |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 0.31 ± 0.18 | 0.27 ± 0.21 | 0.32 ± 0.33 | 0.907 | [−0.20; 0.10] | 0.511 (0.682–0.340) |
| Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 190.0 ± 22.3 | 184.1 ± 32.4 | 192.6 ± 26.1 | 0.265 | [−27.53; 10.35] | 0.598 (0.784–0.412) |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 40.3 ± 7.5 | 40.1 ± 7.8 | 40.3 ± 11.3 | 0.756 | [−5.72; 5.14] | 0.528 (0.697–0.359) |
| VLDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 29.9 ± 11.2 | 28.1 ± 17.8 | 30.7 ± 14.0 | 0.309 | [−12.92; 7.77] | 0.590 (0.768–0.411) |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 119.9 ± 21.7 | 115.9 ± 24.2 | 121.8 ± 28.3 | 0.318 | [−21.42; 9.65] | 0.588 (0.759–0.416) |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 149.4 ± 56.1 | 140.2 ± 88.5 | 153.3 ± 70.0 | 0.304 | [−64.62; 38.47] | 0.590 (0.768–0.413) |
| TSH (mU/I) | 1.9 ± 0.7 | 2.1 ± 1.1 | 1.9 ± 0.8 | 0.485 | [−0.43; 0.89] | 0.562 (0.750–0.373) |
| Insulin (mU/I) | 15.2 ± 6.4 | 14.5 ± 7.9 | 15.5 ± 8.8 | 0.801 | [−5.99; 3.96] | 0.523 (0.706–0.340) |
| HOMA-IR | 3.4 ± 1.5 | 3.4 ± 1.9 | 3.4 ± 2.0 | 0.946 | [−1.24; 1.18] | 0.507 (0.693–0.321) |
| Free fatty acid (nmol) | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 0.839 | [−0.18; 0.11] | 0.519 (0.702–0.335) |
| Adiponectin (ug/mL) | 682.7 ± 334.8 | 718.9 ± 400.8 | 667.1 ± 373.4 | 0.498 | [−189.38; 293] | 0.560 (0.746–0.374) |
| Leptin (ng/mL) | 4.6 ± 5.0 | 6.3 ± 10.7 | 3.9 ± 7.1 | 0.140 | [−3.63; 8.47] | 0.628 (0.794–0.463) |
| Interleukin-6 (ng/mL) | 69.8 ± 9.1 | 72.1 ± 13.3 | 68.8 ± 10.9 | 0.361 | [−4.54; 11.06] | 0.581 (0.772–0.390) |
| Cortisol Morning (ng/dL) | 91.7 ± 5.2 | 239.5 ± 119.8 | 256.4 ± 185.5 | 0.822 | [−103.72; 69.89] | 0.521 (0.687–0.355) |
| Cortisol Afternoon (ng/dL) | 91.7 ± 5.19 | 67.9 ± 40.5 | 76.8 ± 70.7 | 0.717 | [−40.19; 22.33] | 0.533 (0.696–0.370) |
| Cortisol Night (ng/dL) | 91.7 ± 5.20 | 33.5 ± 40.6 | 22.8 ± 17.2 | 0.766 | [−11.59; 32.89] | 0.473 (0.649–0.297) |
| Noradrenaline (ug/24 h) | 91.7 ± 5.2 | 33.3 ± 18.2 | 40.1 ± 20.8 | 0.277 | [−18.32; 4.86] | 0.596 (0.771–0.422) |
| Adrenaline (ug/24 h) | 91.7 ± 5.2 | 5.5 ± 5.8 | 6.4 ± 5.8 | 0.289 | [−4.46; 2.61] | 0.590 (0.752–0.427) |
| Dopamine (ug/24 h) | 91.7 ± 5.2 | 144.9 ± 81.1 | 180.4 ± 84.3 | 0.186 | [−85.74; 14.65] | 0.617 (0.794–0.439) |
Averages are shown with standard deviation, p value, VIP score and AUC for each metabolite.
AUC: area under the curve; CI: confidence interval; CRP: C-reactive protein; HDL: high density lipoprotein; LDL: low density lipoprotein; OSA: obstructive sleep apnoea; TSH: thyroid-stimulating hormone; VLDL: very-low-density lipoprotein.