Table 2.
Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA haplogroups for 49 samples of ancient Eurasians.
| Group | Sample | Y Haplogroups | Mitochondrial Haplogroups |
|---|---|---|---|
| European hunter-gatherers | Western | 1 C1a, 2 I2a | 1 R1, 2 U5 |
| Switzerland | 1 I2 | 1 U5 | |
| Sweden | 1 I2a | 1 U4 | |
| Motala | 3 I2a, 1 I2c | 2 U2, 4 U5 | |
| Eastern | 1 J, 1 R1a, 1 R1b | 1 C1, 1 U4, 1 U5 | |
| Early Neolithic | Anatolia | 1 G2a | 1 K1, 1 X2 |
| Anatolia_Neolithic | 1 C1a, 1 G, 7 G2a, 1H, 2 H2, 1 I, 1 I2c, 1 J2a | 1 H, 1 H5, 2 J1, 9 K1, 3 N1, 2 T2, 2 U3, 1 U8, 1 W1, 2 X2 | |
| Macedonia_EN | NA | 1 X2 | |
| Macedonia_LN | 1 G2a | 1 J1, 1 K1 | |
| Hungary_EN | 2 C1a, 1 H2, 1 I2a | 1 H, 2 J1, 2 K1, 3 N1, 1 U5, 1 X2 | |
| LBK_EN | 4 G2a, 2 T1a | 1 H1, 1 H46, 1 J1, 2 K1, 3 N1, 6 T2, 1 X2 | |
| Iberia_EN | 1 I2a, 1 R1b | 1 J1, 1 N1, 1 T2, 1 V | |
| Eneolithic to Middle Bronze Age steppe | Samara_Eneolithic | 1 Q1a, 1 R1a, 1 R1b | 1 H2, 1 U4, 1 U5 |
| Yamnaya_Kalmykia | 1 I2a, 4 R1b | 2 T2, 1 U4, 3 U5 | |
| Yamnaya_Samara | 7 R1b | 1 H2, 1 H6, 1 H13, 1 T2, 1 U4, 2 U5, 1 W3, 1 W6 | |
| Afanasievo | NA | 2 J2, 1 T2, 2 U5 | |
| Poltavka | 4 R1b | 1 H6, 1 H13, 1 I3, 1 U2 | |
| Potapovka | 1 P1, 1 R1a | 1 C1, 1 T1, 1 U2 | |
| Middle Neolithic to Copper Age Europe | Iberia_MN | 1 H2, 1 I2a | 1 H1, 2 K1, 1 U5 |
| Central_MN | 1 G2a, 1 I, 1 I2a, 1 R | 1 H, 1 H1, 1 HV, 2 T2, 1 U3 | |
| Sweden | NA | 1 H1 | |
| Remedello | 3 I | 1 H2, 1 J1, 1 X2 | |
| Tyrol | 1 G2a | 1 K1 | |
| Iberia_Chalcolithic | 1 G2a, 2 I, 3 I2a | 1 H1, 4 H3, 1 J1, 1 J2, 3 K1, 1 U3, 1 X2 | |
| Spain | 1 H2, 1 I2a | 1 H3, 1 U5, 1 X2 | |
| Anatolia_ChL | NA | 1 K1 | |
| Bronze Age Europe | Russia_EBA | 1 R1b | 1 N1 |
| Northern_LNBA | 3 I, 2 R1a, 3 R1b | 1 H3, 1 I, 1 J1, 3 K1, 1 K2, 1 T1, 2 T2 | |
| Central_LNBA | 1 CT, 1 I2, 1 I2c, 1 K(xLT), 2 P1, 8 R1a, 1 R1b | 1 H1, 1 H3, 1 H4, 1 H5, 1 H23, 1 HV, 1 I3, 5 J1, 1 J2, 3 K1, 1 K2, 1 T1, 3 T2, 3 U4, 7 U5, 1 V9, 1 W3, 1 W6, 1 X2 | |
| Bell_Beaker_LN | 1 R1, 5 R1b | 2 H, 3 H1, 1 H2, 1 H3, 1 H5, 1 H13, 1 H44, 1 H46, 1 J1, 2 K1, 2 U5, 1 W1 | |
| Hungary_BA | 1 G2a, 1 I, 2 I2a, 1 J2a | 1 H2, 1 H11, 1 J1, 3 K1, 1 T1, 3 T2, 2 U5 | |
| Late Bronze to Iron Age steppe | Sintashta | 2 R1a | 1 J1, 1 J2, 1 N1, 2 U2 |
| Andronovo | NA | 1 U2, 2 U4 | |
| Srubnaya | 6 R1a | 1 H2, 1 H3, 1 H5, 1 H6, 1 I1, 1 J2, 1 K1, 1 T1, 1 T2, 3 U5 | |
| Scythia | 1 R1a | 1 G2 | |
| Western Asia | Georgia | 1 J, 1 J2 | 1 H13, 1 K3 |
| Iran_HotuIIIb | 1 J | 1 HV2 | |
| Iran_N | 1 CT, 1 P1 | 1 J1, 1 R2, 1 X2 | |
| Iran_EN | 1 G2b | 1 J1, 2 R2, 1 T2 | |
| Iran_LN | 1 G2a | 1 K1 | |
| Iran_ChL | 1 G1a, 1 J | 1 H29, 1 I1, 1 K1, 1 U3, 1 U7 | |
| Armenia_ChL | 3 L1a | 1 H, 1 H2, 2 K1, 1 U4 | |
| Armenia_EBA | 1 R1b | 1 H1, 1 U3, 1 X2 | |
| Armenia_MLBA | NA | 1 T1 | |
| Iran_IA | 1 R1b | 1 N1 | |
| Iran_recent | NA | 1 U1 | |
| Natufian | 2 CT, 1 E1b1, 2 E1b1b1b2 | 2 J2, 1 N1 | |
| Levant_N | 3 CT, 1 E, 2 E1b1b1, 1 H2, 1 T | 1 I, 3 K1, 2 R0, 4 T1 | |
| Levant_BA | 1 J, 1 J1 | 1 H14, 1 R0, 1 X2 |