Table 1.
Sociodemographic, clinical, serologic, and cognitive variables between bipolar disorder, schizophtrenic patients and healthy controls
| Variables | BD (n = 124) | Statistical test, p | SZ (n = 75) | Statistical test value, p | HC (n = 135) | Statistical test, p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BD vs C | SZ vs C | BD vs SZ | ||||
| Number of participants (BD/SZ/HC): 334 | 124 | 75 | 135 | |||
| Sociodemographic and clinical variables | ||||||
| Age (in years)(mean ± sd) | 44,2 (13,5) | 0.0017 | 36,6 (11,9) | 0.0858 | 39,5 (13,7) | < 0,0001 |
| Gender (%female) | 52.8 | 0.2469 | 28 | < 0,0001 | 60 | 0.0006 |
| Caucasian (%yes/no) | 86 | < 0,0001 | 73 | 0.1006 | 60.8 | 0.0367 |
| Educational level (%high school) | 57.6 | 0.0111 | 28.6 | 0.0059 | 43.9 | < 0,0001 |
| Married (%yes) | 34.8 | 0.0092 | 79.5 | < 0,0001 | 48.7 | < 0,0001 |
| Birth place (%urban) | 87.4 | 0.5936 | 94 | 0.1599 | 89.3 | 0.0723 |
| Childhood upbringing(urban) (%yes) | 84 | 0.1514 | 87.9 | 0.7006 | 89.4 | 0.3705 |
| Smoker (%yes) | 62.6 | < 0,0001 | 64 | < 0,0001 | 25.4 | 0.8432 |
| BMI (mean ± sd) | 25,1 (4,2) | 0.0169 | 25,6 (5,5) | 0.0398 | 24,2 (4,1) | 0.9519 |
| Age at onset (mean ± sd) | 26,5 (10,6) | 23,4 (7,6) | 0.0084 | |||
| Number of total episode (mean ± sd) | 8,0 (6,8) | 3,93 (3,3) | ||||
| Duration of the disease (years) (mean ± sd) | 17,5 (12,5) | 12,6 (10,5) | 0.0006 | |||
| Auto-immune disease (%) | 12% | 16.20% | 0 | 0.1726 | ||
| Childhood infections (%positive) | ||||||
| MADRS | 7,25 (8,8) | 9,25 (7,5) | ||||
| YMRS | 5,5 (7,5) | 6,3 (6,1) | ||||
| PANSS positive | 8,9 (4,6) | 16,2 (6,6) | ||||
| PANSS negative | 9,4 (4,5) | 20,2 (8,4) | ||||
| PANSS general | 22,3 (9,8) | 33,7 (11,0) | ||||
| PANSS total score | 39,8 (16,1) | 68,3 (22,1) | ||||
| Serologic variables | ||||||
| T. gondii (IgG, %positive) | 76.2 | 0.0006 | 68 | 0.1048 | 58.2 | 0.1501 |
| Co-infection (IT gondii + CMV, %positive) | 47.2 | 0.291 | 35.6 | 0.4826 | 40.6 | 0.1146 |
Significant level was fixed at p<0.05