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. 2018 Jul 27;13(7):e0201422. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201422

Fig 1. Fibromodulin is upregulated in hearts of patients with heart failure.

Fig 1

(A) FMOD mRNA expression in left ventricular biopsies from explanted hearts of end-stage dilated heart failure (HF) patients compared to controls (Cntr), n = 5–17. Ribosomal protein L32 (RPL32) was used as reference gene. (B) Representative immunoblots and (C) quantitative levels of extracellular FMOD (FMODext, ~60kDa) protein in HF patients and Cntr, n = 5–10. FMODext from cell culture medium of FMOD-transfected HEK293 cells was used as positive control (Pos cntr), see S1 Fig for details. Vinculin was used for loading control. HF patient characteristics are found in S3 Table. Data are shown as single data points and mean±SEM. Statistical differences were tested using an unpaired t-test, HF vs. Cntr.