Table 1.
Classification and properties of lysine acetyltransferases and histone deacetylases
| KATs | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Class | Representatives | Autoacetylation ability | Diversity | ||
| GNAT | GCN5 | N/A | Prokaryotes and all eukaryotes | ||
| PCAF | Yes | ||||
| HAT1 | N/A | ||||
| ARD1 | Yes | ||||
| Nut1, Elp3, Hpa2/Hpa2, MCM3AP, and Eco1 | N/A | ||||
| MYST | HBO1 (MYST2 or KAT7) | N/A | Prokaryotes and all eukaryotes | ||
| MOF (MYST1 or KAT8) | Yes | ||||
| MORF (MYST4 or KAT6B) | Yes | ||||
| MOZ (MYST3 or KAT6) | N/A | ||||
| TIP60 (KAT5) | Yes | ||||
| p300/CBP | p300/CBP | Yes | Metazoan specific | ||
| Rtt109 | Yes | Yeast specific | |||
| HDACs | |||||
| Class | Members | Subcellular localization | Yeast homologous protein | Cofactor | Tissue expression |
| I | HDAC1 | Nucleus | Rpd3 | Zn2+ | Ubiquitous |
| HDAC2 | Nucleus | ||||
| HDAC3 | Nucleus/Cytoplasm | ||||
| HDAC8 | Nucleus | ||||
| IIA | HDAC4 | Nucleus/Cytoplasm | Hda1 | Zn2+ | Specific |
| HDAC5 | Nucleus/Cytoplasm | ||||
| HDAC7 | Nucleus/Cytoplasm | ||||
| HDAC9 | Nucleus/Cytoplasm | ||||
| IIB | HDAC6 | Cytoplasm | Hda1 | Zn2+ | Specific |
| HDAC10 | Nucleus | ||||
| IV | HDAC11 | Nucleus/Cytoplasm (depends on cell types and/or cellular environment) | Zn2+ | Ubiquitous | |
| SIRTUINS (Class III) | SIRT1 | Nucleus | Sir2 | NAD+ | Variable |
| SIRT2 | Cytoplasm | ||||
| SIRT3 | Mitochondria | ||||
| SIRT4 | Mitochondria | ||||
| SIRT5 | Mitochondria | ||||
| SIRT6 | Nucleus | ||||
| SIRT7 | Nucleus | ||||