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. 2018 Aug;5(8):633–643. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(18)30184-6

Table 2.

PANSS outcomes

Treatment as usual (n=245) Cognitive behavioural therapy plus treatment as usual (n=242) Mean difference (95% CI) p value
PANSS total
Baseline 83·3 (14·0); 245 82·8 (13·7); 242 .. ..
9 months 77·8 (14·6); 224 75·2 (15·5); 218 −2·40 (−4·79 to −0·02) 0·049
21 months 74·1 (14·8); 216 73·0 (16·7); 209 −0·89 (−3·32 to 1·55) 0·48
PANSS positive
Baseline 25·2 (5·7); 245 24·7 (5·9); 242 .. ..
9 months 23·6 (6·2; 225 21·7 (6·6); 218 −1·56 (−2·53 to −0·59) 0·002
21 months 22·5 (6·1); 216 21·3 (7·0); 209 −0·85 (−1·84 to 0·15) 0·095
PANSS negative
Baseline 19·4 (6·4); 245 19·3 (6·1); 242 .. ..
9 months 18·6 (6·7); 227 18·1 (7·0); 220 −0·49 (−1·48 to 0·49) 0·33
21 months 17·5 (6·1); 216 17·8 (6·8); 211 0·29 (−0·72 to 1·29) 0·58
PANSS disorganised
Baseline 24·8 (6·6); 245 24·7 (6·5); 242 .. ..
9 months 23·1 (6·0); 225 23·2 (6·4); 218 −0·01 (−0·91 to 0·88) 0·98
21 months 22·4 (6·2); 216 22·7 (6·6); 210 0·14 (−0·78 to 1·05) 0·77
PANSS excitement
Baseline 17·9 (4·3); 245 18·0 (4·5); 242 .. ..
9 months 17·4 (4·2); 228 16·2 (4·1); 220 −1·18 (−1·85 to −0·50) 0·0006
21 months 15·9 (4·0); 216 15·4 (3·9); 210 −0·57 (−1·26 to 0·12) 0·11
PANSS emotional distress
Baseline 27·4 (5·6); 245 27·0 (5·6); 242 .. ..
9 months 25·4 (6·3); 228 24·1 (6·2); 220 −1·08 (−2·02 to −0·13) 0·025
21 months 24·0 (6·0); 216 23·4 (6·6); 210 −0·27 (−1·24 to 0·70) 0·58

Data are mean (SD); N, unless otherwise stated. PANSS=Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.