Table 2.

Changes in vigilance, state anxiety and self rated sleep quality before and after 9 days of yoga intervention

Variables	Yoga intervention
	Before	After	t value	χ2 value	Cohen’s d/Cramer’s V	P value
Vigilance scores	284.46 ± 45.98	307.15 ± 22.13	15.42	–	0.63b	< 0.001
State anxiety scores	38.61 ± 9.68	30.98 ± 9.03	21.33	–	0.82b	< 0.001
Time taken to fall asleep (min)	29.69 ± 21.22	20.27 ± 25.25	7.43	–	0.40b	< 0.001
Total duration of nocturnal sleep (min)	276.68 ± 63.25	308.20 ± 51.02	11.54	–	0.55b	< 0.001
Number of arousals during the night	1.34 ± 1.04	0.88 ± 0.85	11.18	–	0.48b	< 0.001
Duration of daytime sleep (min)	72.86 ± 42.25	44.57 ± 35.89	15.66	–	0.72b	< 0.001
Feeling of being rested in the morning (number of participants who reported ‘yes’)a	476	645	–	115.47	0.28c	< 0.001
Sleeping in the day (number of participants who reported ‘yes’)a	599	504	–	39.78	0.17c	< 0.001

Values are group mean ± SD

^aThe remainder of the participants reported ‘No’

^bCohen’s d

^cCramer’s V